NOTE ON ENGLISH LITERATURE ON DUTCH PLANNING

NOTE ON ENGLISH LITERATURE ON DUTCH PLANNING The English literature on Dutch planning is rich. In the first bibliography published, Golany (1969) lists many hundred titles. Since then, of course, the number of publications has grown still further. Most of the literature is in the form of articles, conference papers, and the like. In a bibliography focussing on Dutch strategic planning Visscher (1988) lists hundreds of entries for this specialized subject alone. The most recent comprehensive bibliography is by Needham (1991). We restrict ourselves to the most comprehensive works. The classic amongst them is Burke's 'Greenheart Metropolis' which we have quoted. Hall (1984) gives another well-known review of the situation in the 'Randstad' which, as the reader is well aware, he regards as one of the 'world cities'. Thomas et al. (1983) base themselves on extensive research on the local level and include case studies, as well as a review of the context of Dutch planning. A comprehensive review of land and property development is by Needham, Kruijt and Koenders (1993). Much useful information can be gained from the European Environmental Yearbook. Dutt and Costa (1985) offer a collection of readings, all of them original contributions, many of them written by Dutch scholars. As in this book, the emphasis is on the national and regional scale, but also on strategic projects like the polders. Another work to be recommended is Van Gunsteren (1976). It is not about Dutch planning as such but contains a revealing chapter on Dutch administrative law. An important account of the Dutch planning system written by one of the leading authorities is available in English as well: Brussaard (1987). Many of the National Physical Planning Reports have been translated wholly or in parts and are available from the National Physical Planning Agency. The same goes for various documents on environmental policy which are available from the Directorate-General of the Environment of the Department for Housing, Physical Planning and Environment. Their publications include so-called fact sheets on different topics, one of them being the revisions to the Physical Planning Act. The address of their information service is: Centrale Directie Voorlichting en Externe Betrekkingen, Van Alkemadelaan 85, 2597 AC The Hague, The Netherlands (phone: +31-70-3264201). Other ministries, too, have publications in English available. These include one by the Ministry of Finance, 'The Financial Relationship between Central and Local Government'. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs brings out various publications called 'The Kingdom of the Netherlands'. Virtually every province and many of the larger municipalities have information available in English. The journal 'Planning and Development in The Netherlands' used to be published at irregular intervals, containing much useful material, but it is now defunct. Since 1986, there is 'The Netherlands Journal of Housing and Environmental Research'. For several years 263

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now, the much older journal of international standing, 'Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie', has been coming out wholly in English. It contains articles on the social and economic geography of the Netherlands, many of them bordering on, and even strongly overlapping with planning. As a matter of course, comparative works tend to include chapters on the Netherlands, examples being the European surveys by McKay (1982) and Williams (1984). Surely, for an English-speaking audience, the Dutch planning system must be one of the most accessible outside the English-speaking world.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS IN ENGLISH Albrechts, L. (1993) "The work of Th.K. van Lohuizen ", in: A. Faludi (ed.), Dutch Strategic Planning in International Perspective, SISWO Publication 372, Amsterdam, pp. 183-189 Alexander, E.R. (1984) "After rationality, what? - A review of responses to paradigm breakdown", Journal of the American Planning Association 50, 62-69. Alexander, E.R. (1988) "The Netherlands' unique planning system: A visitor's comparisons", Rooilijn 21, 145-150. Alexander, E.R. (1991) "Transferability in cross-national planning and urban policy research", paper for the joint ACSP/AESOP conference Planning Transatlantic at Oxford, 8-12 July. Alexander, E.R. and Faludi, A. (1989) "Planning and plan implementation: Notes on evaluation criteria", Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 16, 127-140. Alexander, E.R. and Faludi, A. (1990) "Planning doctrine: Its uses and applications", Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography Nr. 120, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Andeweg, R.B. (1988) "The Netherlands: Coalition cabinets in changing circumstances", in: J. Blondel and F. Mi.iller-Rommel (eds.), Cabinets in Western Europe, Macmillan, Basingstoke, London, pp. 47-67. Argyris, C. and Schon, D.A. (1981) Theory in Practice: Increasing Professional Effectiveness, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, Washington, London. Ashworth, G.J. (1990) "New values in the new Europe?", Rooilijn 23,242-246. Ashworth, G.J. and Voogd, H. (1990} Selling the City: Marketing Approaches in Public Sector Urban Planning, Belhaven Press, London. Atzema, Oe., Kruijt, B. and Weesep, J. van (1992) "The Randstad today and tomorrow", in: Oe. Atzema, B. Kruijt and J. van Weesep (eds.), Urban Networks Research Program (Special Issue): Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 83, 243-249. Bagley, C. (1973) The Dutch Plural Society: A Comparative Study in Race Relations, Oxford University Press, London, New York, Toronto. Barrett, S. and Fudge, C. (1981) "Introductory review: Examining the policy-action relationship", in: S. Barrett and C. Fudge (eds.), Policy and Action: Essays in the Implementation of Public Policy, Methuen, London, New York, pp. 3-32. Beus, J. de, Doel, H. van den (1980) "Interest groups in Dutch domestic politics", in: R.T. Griffiths (ed.), The Economy and Politics of the Netherlands since 1945, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, pp. 163-197. Bischoff, N.T. and Jongman, R.H.G. (1993) Development of Rural Areas in Europe: The Claim for Nature (Preliminary and Background Studies V79), Scientific Council for Government Policy, SDU, The Hague. 265

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Blanken. M. (1976) Force of Order and Methods: An American View into Dutch Directed Society, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague. Borger, G.J. (1992) "Draining - digging - dredging; the creation of a new landscape in the peat areas of the low countries", in: J.T.A. Verhoeven (ed.), Fens and Bogs in the Netherlands: Vegetation, History, Nutrient Dynamics and Conservation, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 131-171. Bosma, K. (1990) "Town and regional planning in The Netherlands 1920-1945", Planning Perspectives 5, 125-147. Breheny, M.J. (1991) "The renaissance of strategic planning?", Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 18, 233-249. Bruheze, A. de La (1992) Political Construction of Technology: Nuclear Waste Disposal in the United States 1945-1972, Ph.D. thesis, Twente University of Technology, Enschede. Bruit, W., Faludi, A. and Gastkemper, H. (1987) "Dutch land use laws", Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography Nr. 93, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Brussaard, W. (1987) The Rules of Physical Planning 1986, Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment, The Hague. Bryson, J.M. and Einsweiler, R.C. {1988) Strategic Planning, APA Planners Press, Chicago. Buijs, C.S., Meijer, M. and Velden, H.E. ten {1992) Urban Networks {Chapter 1 of "Spatial Reconnaissances 1992 ), Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment, National Physical Planning Agency, The Hague. Burke, G. L. (1966) Greenheart Metropolis: Planning the Western Netherlands, Macmillan, London, Melbourne, Toronto. Burrage, M., Jarausch, K and Siegrist, H. (1992) "An actor-based framework for the study of the professions", in: M. Burrage and R. Torstendahl ( eds.), Professions in Theory and History: Rethinking the Study of the Professions, Sage Publications, London, Newbury Park, New Delhi, pp. 203-225. Cammen, H. van der (1991) "Planning the Randstad Holland: The opportunities of a metropolitan network", Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography Nr. 130, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Chadwick, G.A. {1978, first edition 1970) A Systems View of Planning, Pergamon, London. Chapin, F.S. (1965, first edition 1957) Urban Land Use Planning, Harper, New York. Churchill, W.S. (1931) The World Crisis: The Eastern Front, Thornton Butterworth Limited, London. Cohen, E.A. (1991) "Churchill and coalition strategy", in: P. Kennedy (ed.), Grand Strategy in War and Peace, Yale University Press, New Haven, London, pp. 43-67. Collins, R. (1992) "Changing conceptions in the sociology of the professions", in: R. Torstendahl and M. Burrage (eds.), The Formation of Professions: Knowledge, State and Strategy, Sage Publications, London, Newbury Park, New Delhi, pp. 11-23. Collins, G.R. and Craseman-Collins, C. (1965) Camillo Sitte and the Birth of Modern City Planning, London, New York. Constandse, A.K. (1980) "New towns: Almere en Lelystad in the Netherlands", in: Working Party on New Towns, New Towns in National Development, International Federation for Housing and Planning, The Hague, pp. 113-117.


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Cortie, C., Dijst, M. and Ostendorf, W. (1992) "The Rands tad a metropolis?", in: Oe. Atzema, B. Kruijt, and J. van Weesep (eds.), Urban Networks Research Program (Special Issue): Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 83, 278-288. Darin-Drabkin, H. (1977) Land Policy & Urban Growth, Pergamon, Oxford. Davies, H. W.E. (1988) "The control of development in the Netherlands", Town Planning Review 59, 207-225. DeGrove, J.M. (1984) Land, Growth, & Politics, APA The Planners Press, Chicago. DeGrove, J.M., with the assistance of D.A.Miness (1992) Planning & Growth Management in the States: The New Frontier for Land Policy, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, Mass .. Dekker, A., Goverde, H., Markowski, T. and Ptaszynska-Woloczkowicz (1992) Conflict in Urban Development: A Comparison Between East and West Europe, Ashgate, Aldershot. Deurloo, M.C., Clark, W.A.W. and Dieleman, F.M. (1990) "Choices of residential environment in the Randstad ",Urban Studies 27, 335-351. Diamond, D. (1979) "The uses of strategic planning: The example of the National Planning Guidelines in Scotland", Town Planning Review 50,18-25. Dieleman, F.M. and Musterd, S. (1992) "The restructuring of the Randstad Holland", in: F.M. Dieleman and S. Musterd (eds.), The Randstad: A Research and Policy Laboratory, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, pp 1-16. Dror, Y. (1971) Ventures in Policy Science: Concepts and Application, American Elsevier, New York. Dror, Y. (1963) National Planning in the Netherlands, mimeograph, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague. Dunham and J.G.M. Hilhorst (eds.), Issues in regional planning, Mouton, The Hague, Paris, pp 237-251. Dutt, A.K. and Heal, S. (1985) "The Delta Works: A Dutch Experience in Project Planning", in: A.K. Dutt and F.J. Costa (eds.), Public Planning in the Netherlands, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 184-202. Dutt, A.K., Costa, F.J., Wal, C. van der, Lutz, W. (1985) "Evolution of land use and settlement policies in Zuiderzee project planning", in: A.K. Dutt and F.J. Costa (eds.), Public Planning in the Netherlands, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 201-230. Eco, U. (1989) Foucault's Pendulum, Ballantine Books, New York. Esping-Andersen, G. (1990) The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. Etzioni, A. (1968) The Active Society, Collier-Macmillan, London. European Environmental Yearbook 1990 (1991) DOCter Institute, Milan. Faludi, A. (1973) A Reader in Planning Theory, Pergamon, Oxford. Faludi, A. (1982) "Three paradigms of planning theory", in: P. Healey, G. McDougall and M.J. Thomas (eds.), Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s, Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 81-101. Faludi, A. (1984; 1st published 1973; reprinted with a new foreword by the author) Planning Theory, Pergamon, Oxford.

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FOOTNOTES [1] [2] [3] [4]

[6] [7] [8] [9]

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[12]

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[163] Goudappel, H.M. (1986) Afscheid voor een nieuw begin: Overwegingen rond biografie en vakgebied, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven. [164] Pronk, Professor Doctor Steigenga, p. 21. [165] Damme, L. van, Lange, M. de, Needham, B., Verdaas, K. (1993) "Samenleving en ruimtelijke ontwikkeling", in A. Dekker, P. Ekkers, T. Ganzevles and N. Muller ( eds.), Gerrit Wissink: Dertig jaar universitaire planoloog (Nijmeegse Planologische Cahiers No. 43), Department of Planology, Catholic University of Nijmegen. [166] Glasbergen, P. and Simonis. J.B.D. (1979) Ruimtelijk beleid in de verzorgingsstaat: Onderzoek naar en beschouwing over de (on)mogelijkheid van een ruimtelijk beleid in Nederland, Ph.D. thesis University of Utrecht, Kobra CV, Amsterdam, p. 177. [167] Siraa, Een miljoen, p 194; p. 210. [168] Vink, J. (1951) "Enige aspecten van het huidige werk van de Rijksdienst voor het Nationale Plan", Tijdschrift voor Volkshuisvesting en Stedebouw 32, p. 112. [169] Siraa, Een miljoen, p. 205. [170] Rohde, W. (1984) De parlementaire geschiedenis van de nationale ruimtelijke ordening 1945-1963, Verkenningen in Planologie en Demografie No. 31, Institute of Planning and Demography, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [171] Ruijter, P. de (1978) "De ministeriele aanwijzing: Rijnpoorthaven", in A. Faludi and P. de Ruijter (eds.) Planning als besluitvorming: theorie, onderwijs en praktijk, Samsom, Alphen aan de Rijn- Brussel, pp. 176-191. [172] Toom, P. van der (1978) De Inspectie Ruimtelijke Ordening, Verkenningen in Planologie en Demografie, No. 14, Institute of Planning and Demography, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Bos, J.P. (1986) "De inspecteur ruimtelijke ordening en stedelijk beheer", in H. Gastkemper (ed.), Stedelijk beheer: Een bundel opstellen aangeboden aan prof.J. Rothuizen, ter gelegenheid van zijn afscheid op 25 november 1986 (Planologische Studies 2), Institute of Planning and Demography, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, pp. 32-37; Leeffers, J. (1991) De rol van de Inspectie van de Ruimtelijke Ordening bij de totstandkoming en de doorwerking van de provinciale structuurvisises van Noord-Holland, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [173 J KNAG (1967) Handelingen KNAG Symposium naar aanleiding van het verschijnen Tweede Nota, Brill, Leiden. [174] Zonneveld, Conceptvorming, talks about conceptual complexes, see chapter 1. [175] Glasbergen, Ruimtelijke planning, pp. 47-93. [176] Ottens, H.F.L. (1976) Het Groene Hart binnen de Randstad, Ph.D. thesis, University of Utrecht, Van Gorcum, Assen; Kuijsten, A. (1992) "BeVOLking en RUIMte: 25 jaar verandering in demografische realiteiten en demografisch perspectief", in A. Kuijsten and A. Assen (eds.), BeVOLking en RUIMte, NVD, The Hague, points out that the Green Heart continues to be one of the most dynamic areas in the country. [177] Glasbergen, Ruimtelijke planning, p. 258. [178] Valk, van der, Planologie en natuurbescherming; Driessen, P.P.J. (1990) Landinrichting gewogen; de plaats van de milieu-, natuur- en landschapsbelangen in het landinrichtingsbeleid, Ph.D. thesis, Kerckebosch B.V., Zeist.

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[179] This account draws amongst others on an unpublished study: Faludi, A. and Canisius, L. (1983) Beleidsvorming: Een normatief model in het Iicht van een praktijkvoorbeeld, Institute of Planning and Demography, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [180] Ruijter, P. de (1978) "De Verstedelijkingsnota in het Iicht van de strategische keuzebenadering", in: A. Faludi and P. de Ruijter (eds.), Planning als besluitvorming: theorie, onderwijs en praktijk, Samsom, Alphen aan de Rijn - Brussel, p. 65. [181] Faludi, Beleidsvorming. [182] Commissie Voorbereiding Onderzoek Toekomstige Maatschappij-structu ur (1970) Rapport, Government Printing Office, The Hague. [183] Velden, H. ten (1986) "20 jaar streekplanwerk", Verkenningen in Planologie en Demografie No.36, Institute of Planning and Demography, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, p. 168. [184] Korsten, A.F.A. (1979) Het spraakmakende bestuur, Ph.D. thesis, Catholic University of Nijmegen, VUGA, The Hague. [185] See also Ten Velden, 20 jaar, p. 179. [186] Verduijn, A.A. and Coolsma, J.C. (1979) "Het streekplan als uitvoeringsgericht toetsingskader: Inventarisatie en becommentariering van recente ideeen ", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 60, 103-112; Verduijn, A.A., Coolsma, J.C. and Levelink, P. (1979) "Het streekplan als uitvoeringsgericht toetsingskader: Een mening", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 60, 163-172. [187] Velden, ten, 20 jaar, p. 166. [188] Knaap, J.W.M., Heiden, C.N. van der and Bremen, W.M van der (1986) Lessen van eigen bodem, Kluwer, Deventer, pp. 127-129. [189] Faludi, A. and Bos, J.P. (1982) Op zoek naar het planningsubject in de regionale ruimtelijke ordening: Het uitwerkingsplan in planningtheoretisch en bestuurlijk-juridisch perspectief, Publikatie No. 82-4, National Physical Planning Agency, Government Printing Office, The Hague, pp. 7-8. [190] Velden, ten, 20 jaar, p. 101. [191] Mastop, J.M. (1985) "Streekplan: De moeite waard", R.O.M.-magazine 3 (No.5) 5-13; Mas top, J.M. (1985) "Lijnen voor de toekomst: Een kwestie van inschikken", O.M.-magazine 3 (No.6) 17-21. [192] Velden, ten, 20 jaar, p. 101. [193] Ganzevles, M.G.J., Van Genugten, J.M.O. (1986) "Het jaarlijks verslag over het gevoerde provinciale ruimtelijke beleid in relatie tot het streekplanwerk", Streekplandiscussiedag, Amsterdam, 3 June 1986, National Physical Planning Agency, The Hague. [194] Wortelboer, C. (1989) Het streekplan als toetsingskader voor de goedkeuring van bestemmingsplannen, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Borgman, F. (1989) Planologisch toezicht in het Gooi en de Vechtstreek: Doorwerking van het streekplanbeleid, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Vernooy, Th. (1990) Het streekplan als toetsingskader: Onderzoek naar de doorwerking van het streekplan Amsterdam-Noordze ekanaalgebied voor de regio Groat-Amsterdam, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam.

284

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[195) See also INRO-TNO (1992) De vitaliteit van het Nederlandse bedrijfsleven, ontwikkeling in sectoren, regio's en steden, Delft. [196) Heiden, N. van der, Wallagh, G. (1992) "Roel de Wit: Een beeld van een bestuurder", Rooilijn 25, 102-105. [197) Kortenoever, J. (1989) Grondbedrijven in de branding van de ruimtelijke planning, Ph.D., University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, pp. 21-22. [198) Mastop, Besluitvorming, p.104. [199) Rutte, P. (1986) Groeikernenbeleid in theoretisch perspectief, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [200) Hoed, den, Planning als onderneming, p. 29. [201) Dekker, P. (1989) Overheidsplanning in West-Europa (Sociale en Culturele Studies No. 10), Social and Cultural Planning Bureau, Rijswijk. p. 13. [202) Heijden, H.A.B. van der (1990) Tussen wetenschap en politiek: Een verkenning van vertoogtheorie en politicologische paradigma's, en een vertoogtheoretische analyse van de bestuurlijke reorganisatie en ruimtelijke planning in Nederland 1973-1989, Ph.D. thesis, University of Amsterdam, Mondiss, Kampen, pp. 281-304. [203) Ringeling, A.B. (1985) "De overheid een zorg", Acta Politica 20,353-373. [204) Nispen van Pannerden, F. van (1993) Het dossier Heroverweging, Uitgeverij Eburon, Delft, p. 110. [205) Hoed, den, Planning als onderneming. [206) Edwards, A. (1984) "Nieuwe bruggen tussen planningstheorie en planningspraktijk; een beschouwing over planning in 'maatschappelijk handelingsperspectief' ", Beleidsanalyse No. 84-1, p. 30. [207) Houten, D. van (1984) "'To plan or not to plan': Het planningsdebat heropend", Beleidsanalyse No. 84-1, p. 9. [208) Ranitz, J. de and Wissing, W. (1978) "Wat is, wat kan, wat doet een stedebouwkundige", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 59, 221-229; Wissing, W. (1981) "Heeft de stedebouw nog ruimte? ", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 62, 41-43; Zandvoort, F. (1980) "Denkraam: Duidelijkheid gewenst", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 61, 628; Zandvoort, F. (1981) "Denkraam: Poging tot afbakening", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 62, 254. [209) Weeber, C. (1979) "Formele objectiviteit in stedebouw en architectuur als onderdeel van rationele planning", Plan No. 11, p. 32. [210) Voort, R. van der and Doevendans K. (1984) "Conceptuele stedebouw", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 65, 3-14. [211) Dansik, W.D. van and Graaf, J.G. de (1984) "Planologie: een moderne wetenschap?", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 65, 360-364. [212] Heeling, J. (1985) "Planologen: de moraaltheologen van Nederland", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 66, 109-111. [213) Cammen, H. van der (ed.), (1987) Nieuw Nederland: Onderwerp van ontwerp- Boek I: Achtergronden; Boek II: Beeldverhalen, Government Printing Office, The Hague. [214) Mastop, Besluitvorming. [215) Wissink, G.A. (1982) Ruimtelijke ordening als mensenwerk, Van Gorcum, Assen.

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[216] Needham, B. and Wissink, G.A. (eds.), (1982) Ruimtelijke planning en ruimtelijke ontwikkeling, Van Gorcum, Assen; Muller, N. and Needham, B. (1989) Ruimtelijk handelen: Meewerken aan de ruimtelijke ontwikkeling, Kerckebosch BV, Zeist; Dekker, A., Ekkers, P., Ganzevles, T. and Muller, N. (eds.), (1993) Gerrit Wissink: Dertig jaar universitatire planoloog (Nijmeegse Planologische Cahiers No. 43), Department of Planology, Catholic University of Nijmegen. [217] Wissink, G.A., Needham, B. and Mastop, J.M. (eds.), (1985) Planning- methodologie, SRPO Cahier No.7, NIROV, The Hague. [218] Needham, B., Dekker, A. (1989) "De handelingsgerichte benadering van de ruimtelijke planning en ordening: een uiteenzetting", in: N. Muller and B. Needham (eds.), Ruimtelijke handelen: Meewerken aan de ruimtelijke ontwikkeling, Kerckebosch, Zeist, pp. 1-12; Marwijk, A. van (1990) "Doorwerken met de Vierde Nota: Ben interpretatie van de praktijk aan de hand van Giddens", Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography No. 144, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [219] Krabben, E. van der (1991) "Nederlands planningsdebat op dood spoor?", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 72, {October) 4-8. [220] Cammen, H. van der (1982) "Methodisch geleide planvorming (2)", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 63, p. 455; see also: Cammen, H. van der (1984) Doeltreffende ruimtelijke plannen Voorstudies 11, Programmeringsoverleg Ruimtelijk Onderzoek, The Hague; Klerk, L.A. de, Cammen, H. van der (1983) "Voorbij de stilstand", Rooilijn 16, 142-146. [221] Cammen, van der, Methodisch geleide planvorming 2, p. 455. [222] Puylaert, H. and Staalduine, J. van (1984) Ervaringen met planningmethodiek, Studierapporten Rijksplanologische Dienst No. 26), Ministry for Housing, Physical Planning and the Environment, The Hague. [223] Zonneveld, Naar een beter gebruik. p. 91-92. [224] Ekkers, P., Mastop, H., Dekker, A. and Raggers, J. (1990) Regionaal ontwerp en beleid: Plananalyse stad en land of de belling, Faculty of Policy Sciences, Department of Planology, Catholic University of Nijmegen, pp. 9-23. [225] Ekkers, Regionaal ontwerp, p. 21. [226] Doevendans, K. (1988) Stedebouw en de vormgeving van een speciale wetenschap: Ben onderzoek op Loeniaanse leest (Bouwstenen, No. 10), Faculteit Bouwkunde, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven. [227] Boelens, L. (1990) Stedebouw en planologie - een onvoltooid project: Naar een communicatief handelen in de ruimtelijke planning en ontwerppraktijk, Ph.D. thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delftse Universitaire Pers, Delft. [228] The exceptions are Jong, M.J. de (1986) Idee- en consensusvorming in de ruimtelijke ordening, Ph.D. thesis, DeJong, Kollumerzwaag; and Zonneveld, Conceptvorming. To be sure, works in public administration like: Graaf, H. van der and Hoppe, R. (1989) Beleid en politiek: Ben inleiding tot de beleidswetenschap en de beleidskunde, Coutinho, Muiderberg; and Edwards, A. (1990) Planning betwist: communicatieve strategieen van boeren en natuurbeschermers in de ruilverkaveling Wommels, Ph.D. thesis, University of Amsterdam, Uitgeverij Jan van Arkel, Utrecht, do refer to Habermas.

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[229) Glasbergen, P. and Kuipers, C.B.F. (1990) Perspectieven voor integraal waterbeheer: Een bestuurskundige analyse ten behoeve van de uitwerking van integraal waterbeheer, SDU, The Hague; Mastop, J.M. (1991) Ruimtelijk beleid en bestuur: Onderwerpen voor onderzoek (Voorstudies), Programmeringsoverleg Ruimtelijk Onderzoek, The Hague; Programmeringsoverleg Ruimtelijke Onderzoek (1992): Meerjarenvisie Ruirntelijk Onderzoek 1991-1996: Onderwerpen voor Onderzoek, The Hague. [230) Bargeman, C.A. et al. (1991) De structuur van de beroepsbevolking in de Randstad (Serie Stedelijke Netwerken Werkstukken No. 29), Institute of Economic Geography, Erasmus University Rotterdam and University of Utrecht, Utrecht. [231) Amsterdams Bureau voor Onderzoek en Statistiek (1989) Het Jaarboek Amsterdam in cijfers, Amsterdams bureau voor onderzoek en statistiek, Amsterdam; see also: Amsterdams Bureau voor Onderzoek en Statistiek (1992). [232) Kloos, M. (ed.), (1988) Boomtown Amsterdam: ontwerpen om de stad, Stichting Arcam, Amsterdam. [233] Rooij, E.-J. de (1992) Beleidsvrijheid Amsterdam: Op weg naar een "provincie-arme" ruimtelijke ordening?, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [234] Zonneveld, Conceptvorming, Vol. 1, pp. 205-206. [235) Korthals Altes, W.K. (1991) "De crisis van de Nederlandse planningdoctrine: De nationale ruimtelijke planning in de eerste helft van de jaren tachtig", Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography No. 136, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, p. 32. [236] Memorie van Toelichting, Rijksbegroting 1979, quoted after Korthals Altes, De crisis, p. 33. [237) Puylaert, Ervaringen. [238] Korthals Altes, Crisis, p. 34. [239] Korthals Altes, Crisis, pp. 33-35. [240] Korthals Altes, Crisis, p. 35. [241] Korthals Altes, Crisis, p. 37. [242] Puylaert, Ervaringen, p. 29. [243] Wiardi Beckman Stichting (1981) Politiek en planning: Volkshuisvesting en Ruirntelijke Ordening Notities 4, Amsterdam. [244) Hoed, den, Planning als onderneming. [245] Verduijn, A.A., (1983) "Ruirntelijk beleid op nationaal niveau onder druk", Rooilijn 16, 20-24; Verduijn, A.A. and Puylaert, H. (1983) "Het nationale ruimtelijke planningstelsel: Pompen ofverzuipen?", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 64,607-614. [246) See also Zonneveld, Conceptvorming, Vol. 1, p. 215. [247) Korthals Altes, Crisis, p. 45. [248) Korthals Altes, Crisis, pp. 46-48. [249) See also: Winsemius, P. (1986) Gast in eigen huis: beschouwingen over milieumanagement, Samsom, H.D.Tjeenk Willink, Alphen aan den Rijn. [250] Galle, M.M.A. (1988) "Constructie van de beleidstheorie van direct nut voor de beleidspraktijk?", Beleid & Maatschappij 15, p. 49. [251) Zonneveld, Naar een beter gebruik. [252) Zonneveld, Naar een beter gebruik.

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[253] Priemus, H. (1992) "Nederlandse rijk verkwanselt de volkshuisvesting", NRC Handelsblad, 29 December, 9; Priemus, H. {1992) "De struisvogelpolitiek van Volkshuisvesting", NRC Handelsblad, 31 December, 7. [254] Heuvelhoff, E.F. ten (1993) Gedragsnormen voor overheden in horizontale structuren: Het altemeren van eenzijdige en meerzijdige vormen van sturing bij de toepassing van hetprincipe "devervuilerbetaalt", VUGA, TheHague,p.10. [255] Korthals Altes, W. (1993) "On twerp versus draagvlak bij de Vierde nota Extra", Openbaar Bestuur 3 (Nr. 6n) pp. 33-34. [256] Korthals Altes, Ontwerp, p. 36. [257] Wesselink, W. (1992) "Groene Hart: De ontwikkeling van een open gebied", ROMMagazine, Nr. 7/8, p. 31. [258] Cornelissen, J. and Wissink, B. (1993) "ROM-beleid: Een evenwichtige afweging over de omgeving", in: Planologische Discussiebijdragen 1993 (Deel 1), Stichting Planologische Discussiedagen, Delft, p. 47. [259] Lingbeek, 0. and Wissink, B. {1993) "Het Groene Hart: Van wens naar werkelijkheid", in: Planologische Discussiebijdragen 1993, (Deel1), Stichting Planologische Discussiedagen, p. 167. [260] Uum, E. van, and Valk, A.J. van der (1993) "Ruimte voor groei in de regio", in: Planologische Discussiebijdragen 1993, Deel 1, Stichting Planologische Discussiedagen, Delft, p. 124. [261] Glasbergen, P. and Driessen, P.P.J. (eds.) (1993) Innovatie in bet gebiedsgericht beleid: Analyse en beoordeling van het ROM-gebiedenbeleid, SDU, The Hague. [262] Cate, F. te {1992) "Stimuleren van kantoorbouw rond stations dreigt in bet slop te raken door risico's van rangeren met gevaarlijke stoffen", Binnenlands Bestuur, 18 September, 24-29. [263] Schaar, van der, Volkshuisvestingsbeleid, pp. 15-16. [264] Priem us, H. {1993) "Sollen met woningbehoefte", Stedebouw en Volkshuisvesting 74 (Nr. 3), p. 25. [265] Toonen, Th.A.J., Raadschelders, J.C.N. and Hendriks, F. (1992) Meso-bestuur in Europees perspectief: De Randstadprovincie uit de pas? Department of Public Administration, University of Leiden, pp. 193-199. [266] Pijnenburg, Het streekplan, p. 83. [267] Brocking, B.C. and Geest, H.J.A.M. van {1982) Anticiperen en ruimtelijk beleid; een onderzoek naar bet functioneren van de Wet op de Ruimtelijke Ordening op het gemeentelijk niveau, Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle; Baas, J.H. de, and Geest, H.J.A.M. van {1990) Ruimtelijke besluitvorming via vrijstellingen: Een onderzoek naar het functioneren van de vrijstellingsbepalingen in de Wet op de Ruimtelijke Ordening, W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle; Mastop. J.M. {1991) "Over plan, beleid en de vrijstellingsroute", in: P.J.J. van Buren, J.H. Enter, J.A.M. Kroese-Duijsters, J. Rothuizen and R. Sabee, {eds.), 25 jaar WRO, Jubileumuitgave ter gelegenheid van 25 jaar Wet op de Ruimtelijke Ordening, Kluwer, Deventer, pp. 83-97. [268] Klerk, Voorbij de stilstand, pp. 142-146.

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[269) Damme, L. van, Lange, M. de, Needham, B. and Verdaas, K. (1993) "Samenleving en ruimtelijke ontwikkeling", in A. Dekker, P. Ekkers, T. Ganzevles and N. Muller (eds.), Gerrit Wissink: Dertig jaar universitaire planoloog (Nijmeegse Planologische Cahiers No. 43), Department of Planology, Catholic University of Nijmegen, p. 74. [270) Jong, T. de (1992) Kleine methodologie voor ontwerpend onderzoek, Boom Meppel, Amsterdam. [271] Steigenga, Moderne plano Iogie. [272) Steigenga, W. (1974) "Beheersbare toekomst", Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 65, p. 265. [273) Witteveen, W.J., Stout, H.D. and Trappenburg, M.J. (1992) Het bereik van de wet, W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle. [274) Velden, ten, 20 jaar, p. 98, p. 101. [275] Michiels, F.C.M.A. (1992) De Wet Milieubeheer, W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle, pp. 48-52. [276) Cate, F. ten (1991) "Roel den Dunnen: 'In de Vierde Nota Extra is de grens van het Groene Hart waanzinnig scherp getrokken, dat mag niet verloederen', Binnenlands Bestuur, 18 January, 20-22. [277) Uum, E. van (1993) Een duurzame groeiregio tussen hof en haven; beschouwingen over het concept groeiregio als bouwsteen van de Nederlandse ruimtelijke planningdoctrine in de toekomst, master thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Uum, van, Ruimte voor groei, pp. 119-127. [278) Uum, van, Ruimte voor groei, pp. 119-127. [279) Toonen, Meso-bestuur. pp. 199 [280) Quist, H. (1993) Randstad Overleg Ruimtelijke Ordening: Een onderzoek naar interprovinciale samenwerking (Stedelijke en Regionale Verkenningen 2), Delftse Universitaire Pers, Delft; see also: Samson, N., Weertman, J. and Wingerden, N. van (1993) "In de ban van de ring: Een onderzoek naar de mogelijkheden van de Strategische Keuzebenadering in de planning van de Randstad door de samenwerkende provincies', Working Papers of the Institute of Planning and Demography No. 156, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. [281) Zonneveld, W., Tjallingii, S. (1993) Conceptvorming en duurzaamheid: Een discussienota over ruimtelijke planconcepten ten behoeve van de werkconferentie op 14 januari 1993, The Hague, pp. 15-16. [282) Michiels, De Wet Milieubeheer, p. 50. [283] Brunet, R. (Ed.) (1989) Des Villes 'europeeennes', Rapport pour Ia DATAR, Paris, RECLUS.

SUBJECT INDEX Association of Dutch Planologists (BNP), 179 Association of European Schools of Planning (AESOP), 184, 265

A-location, 189 Accessibility, 187, 189, 214 Accountability, 119 Accountable decision-making, xiv, 117, 118 Acid-rain, 215 ACSP, 265 Action-oriented approach, 120, 145, 180, 181 Adaptive approach, 236, 237, 254 Agglomeration policy, 111 Agriculture, 32, 40, 54, 60, 78, 79, 107, 123, 149,156,158,167,200,207,212,215, 222,226,247,254 Agriculture and Fisheries (Ministry of), 139,141,145,146 Agro-industrial, 222 AIDA, 142 Amalgamation, 35, 162, 203, 230 Amsterdam General Extension Plan, 19, 48,59, 79,110,111,160,178,189,191 Annexation, 43, 52, 56, 81, 165 Anti-cyclical, 31 Anti-Revolutionary Party, 139 Anti-urban, 98, 109, 137 Antifascist, 80 APA, 266, 267 Architect, xvii, 10, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49,59, 71, 75,86, 112,117,121,161,179,189,237, 251 Architect-planner, 72, 86, 236 Architecture, 10, 50, 72, 112, 121, 178, 184, 269 Areas of outstanding natural beauty, 64, 78, 168 Association of Dutch Urban Designers (BNS), 83

Balkanization (of the Randstad), 256 Bestemmingsplan, 38, 125, 127, 128, 234, 283 Bio-industry, 205, 215 Birthrate, 26 Blue Banana, 261 Blueprint planning, 11, 44, 119, 235 Boosterism, 177 BRON,xi Budget, 36, 91,117,129,147,195,196,222, Buffer zone, 104, 108, 123, 132, 151, 192 Bulb-growing areas, 63, 226 Bureau for the National Plan, 75, 78, 79, 80,93,95,96,97,98, 102,104,150,250 Bureau-politics, 66 Bureaucracy, bureaucratic, bureaucrats, 5, 22,155,162,270 Bureaucratic legal view, 154, 160 Bureaucratic-legalistic-design model, 233, 234 Capitalism, 267 Car, car access, car use, 45, 133, 189, 214, 216,220,222,227 Car lobby, 208, 216 Car parking, car parks, 186,190,215 Catholic, Catholics, xi, 38, 133, Catholic People's Party, 89, 133, 139,271, 274,279,281,282,283,285,288 Catholic University of Nijmegen, xi, 115, 120, 130 289

290

Central Netherlands Urban Ring, 210, 212,220,231,253 Central place theory, 109, 116 Central Planning Bureau, 82, 96, 102, 104, 149,227,269 Central Statistical Office, 123, 227 Centralization, 89 Christian Democrats, 38, 139, 143, 202, 208,216,217,218,230 ClAM, 59 City-marketing, 181, 187, 234 City-region, city-regional, 34, 35, 85, 111, 120,124,135,156,162,186,192,193, 194,218,223,225,256,230,247,256, 257,259 City-regional planning, 257 Cleanups, 225 Co-government, co-governance, 33, 34, 273 Co-producers, co-production, 1, 12 Coalition government, 36, 38, 47, 95, 133, 139,141,143,202,204,208,216,217, 218,250,265 Coalition building (of planners with others), 100,251,252,257,258 Commission for Policy Analysis (COBA), 115, 120 Coercion, coercive, 133, 235 Cold war, 7 Collaboration (with German occupiers), 68,70,270 Commission for the Preservation of Monuments, 59 Commitment, 14, 25, 31, 39, 42, 91, 147, 154,155,156,171,184,209,216,223, 224,232,244,256,272 Commitment package, 222 Communicative rationality, 182 Commuter, commuting, 98, 165, 167, 172 Compact city, 23, 145, 172, 173, 186, 191, 192,195,200,203,228 Compaction, 26 Comparative research, 260, 264, 265, 269

SUBJECT INDEX

Compartmentalization, 37 Compass planning, compass plans, 181, 182,234,236 Comprehensive plan, comprehensive planning, 48, 49, 72, 77, 127, 130, 140, 150,152,159,251,259 Comprehensiveness, 22, 24, 84, 152, 243, 248,259 Compulsory purchase, 13, 37, 43, 46, 110 Concentrated deconcentration, 110, 112, 116,133, 134,135,136,137,138, 141, 145, 151,163,165, 168, 178, 187 Concentric growth, 56, 59, 60, 61, 66, 88, 101,106, 109, 110, 111, 135, 165, 185 Conceptual planning, xviii, 233, 234, 235, 242,256 Conceptualization, 181, 182 Conference of the International Garden Cities and Town Planning Association 1924,48,52,53,54,57,63, 78, Confessional divide, 39 Conflict regulation, 33 Conformance, 12, 63, 97,240,244 Congestion, 53, 80, 97, 144, 202, 216 Connective planning, 233, 234, 239 Consensual, consensus, 12, 14, 17, 18, 22, 24,30,31,33,35,39,40,42,47,65, 105, 112,122,124,125,142,166,167,175, 178,180,181,184,187,191,192,200, 226,228,235,236,239,242,247,261, 262 Consensus-building, 12, 18, 24, 25, 33, 44, 156,158,236,240,269 Consent, 211, 220, 243 Conservation, conservationist, 66, 75, 78, 79,142,189,266 Consociational democracy, 33 Constitution, constitutional, 18, 33, 36, 45, 81,144,200,230,171,230,250,268 Consultants, 83, 157, 189 Containment, 16, 154 Continentalization, 261 Contingency planning, 124, 136

SUBJECT INDEX

Conurbation, 107 Coordinate, coordination, coordinative, x, xvii, 5, 11, 25, 34, 35, 36, 37, 45, 47, 53, 65, 73, 75, 76,77, 78,100,102,105,113, 122, 123, 124, 137, 138, 142, 147, 152, 158, 159, 160, 161, 168, 177, 182, 199, 220,221,222,223,224,226,230,232, 233,249,252,271 Core-periphery model, 252 Corporatism, corporatist, 39, 45, 96, 113, 249,250,272 Council for Physical Planning and Environment (RROM), 37, 208, 211, 218, Council of Ministers, 36, 143, 211 Council of Secretaries-General, 70 Countryside, 60, 66, 146, 167, 189 Covenants, 190,221,223,225,259 Crisis of planning in the eighties, xvii, xviii, 144, 145, 146,151,175,176,178, 184,195,200,231,234,244,268,286 Critical-rationalist, critical rationalists, xiii, 12, 24 Cross-National Planning, 265 Cross-subsidy, 257 Crovvn,39,62, 153,164,168 DATAR, 261, 288 Decentralization, 16, 54, 97, 151, 176, 177, 193,270 Decentralized unitary state, 33, 49, 65, 73, 97, 123, 125, 126 Decision-centred approach to planning, 9, 10, 12, 13,42, 154,155,180,235,268 Deconcentration, 134, 196 Definition of the decision situation, 226 Dehydration, 215 Delft University of Technology, xi Democracy, democratic, 7, 32, 39, 49, 61, 77,82, 118,119,133,143,154,198,230, 236,250,270 Democrats '66, 139, Demographic, demography, x, 72, 120, 205

291 Denominational, denominations, 31, 38, 89, 133 Density, 1, 63, 111, 185, 195 Departmentalization, 36 Deregulation, 176 Design, xiii, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 59, 71, 76, 86,97, 118,119,120,121,177,178,179, 180,181,182,186,199,204,233,235, 236,251,265,266,268,269 Designer, xiv, xviii, 24, 43, 47, 48, 49, 50, 60, 71, 78,83,84,85,86, 112,115,117,118, 119, 120, 121, 161, 178,179, 181, 182, 200,207,233,235,237,249,254,276 Developer, 29, 30, 31, 38,40, 41, 42, 43, 60, 66,91, 137,171,187,189,190,209,220, 222,224,228,249 Development control, 63 Development-minded, 171 Development-oriented, 98 Dike, 19, 28, 81, 82 Director General of Planning, xi, 103, 130, 151,173 Disciplinary, discipline (of planning; see planology), ix, xiii, xvi, xvii, xviii, 48, 50,81,84,85, 113,115,116,119,120, 142,178,180,182,183,232 Discourse, 13, 14, 15, 23, 24, 186, 246, 268, 269,272 Dispersal, 5, 23, 59, 79, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 109, 122, 123, 133,145,156,165,166,196,204,209, 212,221,254,259 DOCter, 267 Distributional effects, 228 Distributive justice, 139 Doctrinal discourse, 23, 24 Doctrinal revolution, xviii, 207, 216, 231, 244,245 Doctrine, ix, xiii, xvi, xvii, xviii, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,21,22,23,24,25, 26,40,42,44,87, 105,106,121,138, 139,145, 152, 164, 175, 184, 186, 187, 189,195,200,208,213,216,231,232,

292

233,235,236,239,240,243,244,245, 246,250,251,252,253,254,256,257, 260,261 Dogma, 7 Domain of planning, 49, 89, 114, 180, 182, 183,247,248 Donorcity,57, 109,135,173,185,186,200 Doomsday scenario, 102, 103, 106 Dual income, 204 Dutch Railways, 71, 89, 249 Dutch Republic, 33 EC, 271 Ecological infrastructure, 79, 257 Ecological model, 144 Econometric model, 102 Economic crisis, 145,176 Economic development, 59, 124, 204, 211, 227,252 Economic growth, 59, 81, 113, 144, 196, 219,220 Economic plan, economic planning, economic planners, 91, 104, 136, 227 Economic recovery, economic reconstruction, economic revival, 177, 195,208,217,252 Economic Affairs (Ministry of), 76, 82, 98, 99,100,104,105,142,143,208,211 Econom~24,26,34,39,40,45,69, 70,89, 96,124,176,177,178,186,196,201,202, 203,204,211,224,252,265,269,270,271 Effluents, 32 EFL-Stichting, 281 Eighty-Year War, 19 Elderly, 31 Elections, electoral, 38, 114, 204, 205, 207, 208,217,247 Electricity, 151 Electronics, 156 Emancipation, 161 Emigration, 81 Eminent domain, 37 Empiricist, 47 Employment, 48, 57, 64, 97, 141, 165, 170, 173,179,186,190,192,209,220,257

SUBJECT INDEX

Encyclical Rerum Novarum, 96 End-of-pipe measures, 215 End-state planning, 10 Energ~ 139,142,144,171,215,250 Engineer, engineering, xiii, xvii, 46, 47, 48, 50,54, 70, 76, 78,81,82,84,85,92,97, 110,116,117,139,268,270,277 Engineer-planners, 84 Environmental concerns, crisis, degradation, issues, problems, 26, 29, 113,141,202,208,215,226,250 Environmental improvements, 32 Environmental management, 182, 183, 203,215,218,258 Environmental movement, 176 Environmental planning, 2, 162, 182, 223, 268 Environmental Planning Act, 258 Environmental policy, 150, 180, 182, 183, 203,213,215,217,218,219,221,247, 248,258,259,263,271,272 Environmental production, 26, 29 Environmental protection, 92, 98 Environmentalists, 208, 247, 248, 258, 259 Eo-Wijers Stichting, 179, 182 Epidemics, 41 Equality, 113 Espoused theory, 239, 241, 242 Esthetics, 47 Ethics, xvi Europe 2000, 261 European Commission, 261,232 European Community, 167,176 European Council of Town Planners, 179 European planning, 112, 232, 246, 260, 261,262 Eutrophication, 215 Evaluation, 11, 12, 24, 119, 142,175,218, 227,260,265 Evolutionary perspective in history, xiv, xv Expert-driven planning, expert-led planning, 60, 66 Explosive issues, 14

SUBJECf INDEX

Fabians, 32 Facet plan, facet planning, 37, 77, 149, 150, 158, 182 Falsification, 270 Farmland, 29 Feasibility assessment, 142 Feedback, 142,234 Feminists, 111 Fertilizers, 215 Finance, 102, 115, 263 Finger model (Copenhagen), 21, 251 Five-Finger Theory, 169, 170 Flexibility, xv, xviii, 10, 42, 117, 128, 129, 154,156,160,162,199,240,242,243, 251,252,253,256,272 Flooding, 26, 27, 45, 254 Forestation, 226, 254, 257 Fortifications, 54 Four-dimensional space, 182, 239, 242, 244 Fourth National Physical Planning Report (Fourth Report), ix, 34, 105, 122, 131, 162,181,184,193,199,200,201,202, 204,207,208,209,211,212,213,214, 216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223, 225,227,228,230,231,243,249,253, 254,255,259,271 Fourth National Physical Planning Report 'Extra', 184,207, 217, 252 Frame-of-reference, 42 Frame-reflective practitioner, 272 Free-rider problem, 51 Freehold, 29, 30 Freight,222,223,228,248 Further Elaboration Randstad-International (NURI), 226 Future-orientation of planning, 183 FUhrer, 69 Garden city, 51, 52, 56, 57, 58, 59, 112,268 Garden Cities and Town Planning Association, 53, 57 Geography as a discipline, 84, 85, 86, 180, 264 German influence on Dutch planning, 37,

293

40,41,45,46,54,55,65,68, 73, 74, 75, 76,92 German occupation, 46, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75,77,98 Gestalt-switch, 245 Globalization, x GNP,40 Goal-setting, 120, 141, 142, 155 Golden strings, 35, 156 Government reorganization, 37, 95, 102, 194,218,221,222,230,256 Grass-roots, 16 Green Heart, xviii, 5, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25,27,30,31,34, 101,102,105,106, 107, 109, 112, 121, 123, 132, 133, 137, 138, 139, 144, 165, 167, 170, 173, 178, 213,214,217,219,221,223,224,225, 226,231,232,244,245,248,251,252, 253,254,256,257,282 Green belt, 17, 18, 19, 21, 57, 109 Green corridor, 54, 79, 106, 123 Greenheart Metropolis, 105, 253, 256, 257, 263,266 Greenhouse, 220 Gridlock, 216, 228 Ground water, ground water pollution, ground water protection, 32, 100, 215 Groupthink, 269 Growth centre, ix, x, 5, 21, 31, 110, 164, 121, 124, 138, 140, 143, 144, 147, 162, 163, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178, 185, 186, 189, 192, 193,195,196,197,200,211,216,228, 255 Growth management, xv, 2, 15, 60, 109, 123,124,138,163,168,170,184,200, 215,217,227,228,252,253,255,261, 267,270 Growth region, 253, 254, 255, 256, 273 Hazardous substances, 215 Hebrew University of Jerusalem, x Hegemonic project, 13, 14, 15, 269

294 Hierarchical-centralistic image of Dutch system, 36 High-rise blocks of flats, 57, 112, 190, 220 High-speed train, 226 High-tech, 189, 204, 211 Hinterland, 45, 162, 165, 188, 192, 209, 222,223,228,248 Historicism, 272 Home Affairs (Ministry of), 61, 62, 63, 65, 73, 74,91,95,96, 111,193,218 Hoogovens, 118 Horizontal coordination, 161, 223, 224 Horticulture, 32, 98, 226, 254 Housing Act, xiv, xv, 1, 30, 34, 35, 38, 42, 43,45,46,51,53,54,56,57,59,60,61, 66, 75,94,96, 124,125,128, Housing corporations, 214, 229 Housing, Physical Planning and Environment (Ministry of), 182, 219, 248,266,271 Housing policy, 30, 31, 57, 89, 90, 113, 138, 141,146,163,164,170,171,214,227, 229,247 Hydraulic engineering, hydraulic engineers, 70, 71, 72, 81, 92, 277 Ideal-types, 10 Ideology, ideological, xiv, xv, xvi, 22, 14, 17,33,39,42, 75, 76,119,268 Immigrants, immigration, 26, 81, 109, 112, 215,225,227,229,248,250 Imperialism of urban designers, 119, 179 Implementation, 5, 12, 15, 60, 62, 66, 69, 71, 74, 77,80,89,90,94, 100,109,129, 136, 137, 140, 145, 147, 153, 154, 155, 159,160,175,192,198,200,203,225, 227,230,233,258,265,272 Implementation-schedules, 162 In-migration, 169 Individual ministerial responsibility, 32, 35,36,37, 102,149,150,198 Individualization, 113, 183 Industrial development, 49, 63, 64, 72, 78,

SUBJECT INDEX

79,80,92,93,97,98, 102,104,105,106, 123,220,252 Industrial Development Certificate, 77, 92,93,94,98 Industrial dispersal, 79, 94, 97, 98, 99 Industrial location, 16, 52, 79, 92, 100, 101, 104, 138, 164 Industrialization, 30, 40, 79, 81, 99, 100, 104,113,114 Industrialization Policy Report, 99, 114 Inequality, 142 Inequity, 52, 161 Infill plans, 212, 223, 232, 242, 243, 259 Infill sites, 186 Information handling, 120, 234 Infrastructure, 2, 29, 32, 40, 45, 52, 54, 55, 59, 70, 73, 79,94,97, 100,111,129,146, 155,171,172,173,178,183,190,192, 194,195,205,208,211,212,216,221, 222,223,224,225,228,248,257 Inner city, 8, 110, 112 INRO-TNO, 284 Institutional design, 33 Institutionalization, 15, 50, 89, 101, 250 Inter-jurisdictional spillover, xvii, 45, 52 Inter-municipal authority, 156 Inter-municipal relations, 193 Inter-municipal structure plan, 55, 56, 60, 66,222 Inter-provincial coordination, 161, 230 Inter-regional spillover effects, 65 Interdepartmental character of planning, interdepartmental coordination, 75, 76, 96,102,144,147,171,175,177,205, 209,228,256 Interdisciplinary team, 78, 97 Intergovernmental relations, 32, 33, 35, 36,51, 125,160,175,187,217,242,250 International Federation of Housing and Planning, 59, 64, 266 International Garden Cities and Town Planning Association, 52, 53 International planning, 63, 142, 232

SUBJECT INDEX

International planning community, 184, 246 Internationalization of Dutch economy, 39,207 Interorganizational coordination, 152, 233 Interventionism, 31, 42 Interwoven planning, 38, 39 Intra-provincial coordination, 161 Intuition, 47, 48,117, 178, 181,182 Inundation, 19, 70, 82 Investors,62, 173,204,222,249 lOR, 10, 142, 158 ISOCARP, 179 ISONEVO, 86, 98, 106 Jobs, job creation, 95, 133, 141, 144, 186, 220 Joint Provisions Act, 34, 257 Journal of the NIROV, 52, 178 Judiciary, 35 Key Planning Decision (PKB), 141, 143, 147,148,151,176,197 ,198,200,203, 211,212,213,214,217 ,219,222,223, 225,242,251,271 Key project, 223, 226 KNAG,282 Labour Party, 46, 89, 96,117, 133,139, 143,177,187,198,216 ,217 Labour market, 144 Labour service, 74 Laissez-faire, 133 Land parcels, 20 Land policy, 1, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 42, 44, 53,137,163,193,194 ,267,272 Land reclamation, 4, 26, 45, 92 Land transactions, 74 Land use, 2, 49, 55, 60, 71, 78,114,123,126,128, 149,155, 178,220 Landfill, 13 Landowner, 29 Landscape, landscaping, 52, 145, 151, 156, 167,192,254,266,270

295 Landscape designer, 161 Lawmakers, lawmaking, 69, 128, 129 Leases, 30 Legislature, 243 Liberal-constitutional regime, 37 Liberals, 32, 38, 42, 44, 202, 203, 208, 216, 218 Liberation, 88, 91, 230 Life-cycle, 203 Lifestyle, 187 Livestock, 32 Lobe model, 58, 88, 111, 165 Localgovernment,95 , 138,146,152,256, 263,268 Local government reorganization, 102, 191,194,221,256 Local planning, xv Location, x, 1, 19, 30, 47, 63, 64, 72, 148, 168,171,183,189,193 ,210,211,212, 216,218,220,221,225 ,228,229,252, 272 Location policy, 214, 220, 227 Location subsidy, 30, 193 Locational choice, 63, 107, 212, 252 Low income, 173 Low status, 112 Low wages, 91 Lower-class, 52 Mainport, 193, 202, 226 Manicured environment, 32 Market-garden, 30 Marxist, Marxist-inspired, 120, 180, 239 Mass-transport, 186 Medium-sized cities, 205, 210, 228 Megalopolis, 261 Megapolicy, 15 Memorandum Guided Industrial Development, 79, 82, 92 Memorandum on Spatial Perspectives (NRP), 202, 207, 208, 209, 212, 216 Meta-planning, 259, 260 Meta-policy, 270 Meta-theory, 178

SUBJECf INDEX

296 ~etaphor,21,22,23,

109,164,184,19 9,

245,254 57, 72, 100, 105, 106, 109, 237, 253,256,257,26 1,263,266,267,2 73 ~etropolitan areas, 106 ~etropolitan authority, 257 ~etropolitan community, 236, 237 ~etropolitan development, metropolitan growth, 16, 53, 59 ~etropolitan park, 253, 254, 257, ~etropolitan plan-making, metropolitan planning, 161, 237 ~iddle-class, 112 ~igrants, 169 ~igration, 30, 45, 79, 80, 99, 105 ~inister of Spatial Ordering, 1 ~inister of Economic Affairs, 82, 98 ~inister of Home Affairs, 61, 63, 65, 111 ~inister of Housing, Physical Planning (since 1982: and Environment) 16, 32, 137,138,141,14 2,146,199,200,2 02, 203,204,205,20 7,208,216,218,2 25, 257,262,271 ~inister of Public Works and Reconstruction, 79, 81, 88, 90, 95 ~inister of Reconstruction and Housing, 102 ~inister of Transport and Public Works, 208 ~inister-President, 36 ~istake-or-change doctrine, 243 ~onitoring, 144, 145, 147, 159, 160, 233 ~otorwa~ 1,170,214,227 ~ulti-actor situation, 10 ~ulti-disciplinary planning programme, 183 ~ulti-functionalland consolidation policy, 139, 146 ~ulti-level planning system, 251 ~ulti-planning agency, 51, 247, 259 ~ulti-planning-system, 260 ~ulti-tier system, xv ~ultinationals, 210

~etropolis,

204 structure plan, 128, 167, 187, 190,191,192,23 0 ~unicipality, municipalities, 2, 29, 30, 31, 32,33,34,35,36 ,37,43,51,52,53 ,54, 55,56,60,61,63 ,66, 72, 75,89,90,93, 95,98, 103,110,111,11 2,122,123,126, 128, 129, 130, 137, 138, 143, 152, 154, 155, 156, 159, 161, 164, 165, 167, 170, 176, 169, 170, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 200,221,222,22 5,226,228,229,2 30, 263

~ultiracial, ~unicipal

National Physical Planning Agency (RPD), xi, xiii, 34, 74, 115, 123, 125, 130, 139, 145, 147, 150, 151, 152, 181, 195,197,198,20 9,211,218,231,2 53, 261,263,266,26 8,271,273,283 National Physical Planning Commission (RPC), 37, 103, 208, 209, 211, 218 National Plan, 47, 48, 50, 52, 54, 63, 64, 65, 66,68, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79,80,92, 94,95,97,98,99 , 100,102,103,10 4, 122, 12~ 124, 125, 12~ 128, 130, 131, 137,218,250,27 2 National planners, 77, 78, 80, 81, 87, 95, 96,97,99, 100,101,102,10 4,105,115, 122, 133, 137, 139, 141, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 163, 181, 194, 195, 196, 198,199,202,20 3,204,205,209,2 14, 217,218,219,22 3,224,227,231,2 32, 234,248,249,25 4,256,257,259,2 60 National planning, xiv, xv, xvii, xviii, 17, 19,30,47,64,65 ,66,67,68,69, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79,80,86,88,92 ,93,96, 97,98,99, 100,101,102,10 5,106,112, 122, 125, 126, 128, 130, 131, 133, 139, 142, 144, 145, 146, 150, 151, 161, 164, 186,192,194,19 5,197,198,199,2 00, 202,203,204,20 7,208,211,212,2 13, 217,218,219,22 3,225,231,232,2 43, 247,249,251,25 2,253,257,259,2 61, 267

297

SUBJECT INDEX

National planning concept, 79, 185, 231, 257 National planning doctrine, 164 National planning principles, 125 National planning system, 197 Natural gas, 113, 193,225, 249,271 Nature Policy Plan, 27 Nature preservation, 45, 52, 54, 59, 63, 64, 75, 78, 79,94,95,97, 102,141,145,150, 151,156,162,165,205,222,226,247 Nazis, 46, 68, 69,70, 76, 270 Negotiation, negotiations, xv, xviii, 10, 11, 12,36,42,44,83, 125,142,143,144, 149,156,158,172,181,190,193,199, 209,217,234,240,247,251,256 Negotiative planning, 178, 181, 249 Neighbourhood, 18, 72, 99, 185,272 Neo-conservative, 2 Neo-corporatism, 33, 82,272 Neo-liberal, 272 Netherlands Union, 70 Network, networks, 22, 31, 36, 65, 102, 133,158,183,206,224,228,248,261, 262,265,266,267,271 Neutrality, 7, 45, 46 New consensus in planning thought, xiv, xvii, xviii, 180, 184, 239 New towns, 17, 49, 66, 99, 105, 106, 110, 123, 134, 143, 164, 165, 167, 169, 194, 256,266,272,273 NIAS x, xi NIMBY, 2, 40, 129 NIROV, ix, xiv, 14, 83, 178,250,275,276, 277,279,280,281,285 Nitrates, 215 Nitrogen, 215 No-growth, 171,196,200 Non-conformance, 153 Non-governmental organizations, 31, 39 Non-political civil servants, 70 Non-renewable resources, 215 Non-revolutionary, 245 Non-statutory covenants, plans, reports, 61,100,223,226

Northern-Wing, 166 NSB (Dutch Nazi Party), 70 Nuclear power, nuclear waste, 151, 266 Nuisance, 41, 79, 203, 215 NURI,224 Object-centred approach to planning, 10, 180 Occupation by the Germans, 69, 70, 72, 79,80,88,98, 101,124 Odours, 215 OECD,39 Oil-crises, 196 Olympics, 187 One-parent families, 170 One- and two-person households, 187 Operational Area Designation (OGA), 198 Opportunism, opportunistic, opportunists, 6,178,248 Optimism, optimist, optimistic, 113, 115, 124,133,162,193,194,197,262 Orientation Report, 141, 142, 155, 171, 237 Outdoor recreation, 151, 200 Overdeveloped areas, 93 Overexpenditure, 4 Overspill, 66, 99, 105, 106, 109, 110, 123, 132, 133, 135, 138, 144, 163, 164, 165, 167, 170, 171, 173, 186, 187, 192, 196, 228 Owner-occupiers, 144, 170,229,247 Oxidation, 26, 28 Ozone, 215 Pacification, 45 Packaging of ideas, 23, 234, 235 Paradigm, 14, 15,21,22,23, 118,184,265, 267,268 Parasitic development, 51, 53 Pareto-distribution, 116 Parking,216,220,227 Parliament, 16,35,36,38,42,66,67,68, 70, 74, 111, 122, 124, 125, 128, 129, 130, 138, 143, 144, 145, 148, 151, 177, 194,

298

196,198,199,200,202,203,204,205, 207,208,212,217,218,223,260 Parliamentarians, 66, 117, 129, 204, 217 Parochialism, 138 Participation, 18, 85, 113, 116, 118, 141, 143,145,147,148,151,155,168,177, 189,223,242 Performance, X, 12, 13,160,161,184,240 Permanent Commission on Physical Planning, 59, 75, 77,93,98, 102,103,104 Perspectives in Europe, 261 Persuasive power, role, 13, 104, 130, 153 Pesticides, 215 Phenomenological approach, xv, 119 Phosphates, 215 Phosphorus, 215 Physical planning, 2, 5, 21, 39, 91, 94, 103, 110,113,114,117,136,145,148,150, 162,177,198,218,219,240,243,252, 258,271 Physical Planning Advisory Council, 143, 148,198,209,213 Physical Planning Act, xvii, 1, 2, 5, 6, 96, 110, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126,127, 128, 129,130,131,137,138,144,148,151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160, 164, 168,198,199,200,243,251,252,259, 263 Piecemeal development, 53 Pillarization, pillars, xiv, 31, 38, 39, 82 Pipelines, 1, 151 Plan-based coordination, 158 Plan departures, 10, 240 Plan generation, 142, 162 Plan hierarchy, 65, 66,75, 77, 128 Plan-in-use, 241, 242 Plan-led system, 9, 10, 38, 242 Plan-Socialism, 96 Planned unit development, 243 Planners' paradise, xiii, xvi, 26, 161, 250 Planning as coordination, 234 Planning community, 14, 22, 98, 106, 111, 152,195,200,204,205,208,233,235, 246,247,250,256,257,260,261,262

SUBJECT INDEX

Planning concepts, xiv, xvi, 5, 14, 18, 23, 56,85, 133,134,135,138,145,181,199, 202,207,214,248,258,261 Planning control, 1, 34, 51, 138, 159, 160, 161,192,254 Planning doctrine, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19,21,22,23,24,25,38,41,42, 101, 112,138,147,164,173,175,182,184, 200,207,209,231,232,235,239,240, 244,261,265,270,273 Planning education, x, xvi, 49, 50, 81, 86, 113,120,183,184,231,269 Planning elite, 14, 48, 59, 68, 76, 95, 145, 231 Planning inspectorate, planning inspectors, 124,129,130,214,249,258, 259 Planning-minded, 51 Planning principle, planning principles, 18, 19,20,22,41,42,47,49,54,59,65,67, 80,97, 106,109,112,124,138,139,145, 147, 151, 154, 161, 164, 187, 190, 191, 192,195,197,203,207,239,241,242, 243,244,251,253,256,259,260 Planning-programming-budgeting system (PPBS), 115, 141 Planning system, planning systems, 2, 5, 25,42,44,51, 75,80,113, 121,122,124, 125, 129, 137, 177m 182, 198, 199,204, 212,213,233,234,242,243,260,263, 264,265,269 Planning theorists, 120 Planning theory, 12, 85, 119, 180, 267, 268, 269,270,271 Planning thought, 92, 117, 161, 184,232, 233,239,261 Planologist, planologists, xvii, xviii, 115, 119,176,178,179,181,182,233,235, 249,251 Planology, xiii, 46, 85, 86, 115, 118, 120, 121,178,179,180,182,279,281,282, 285,288 Pluralism,, pluralists, 7, 242, 260, 270 Pluriformity, 36

SUBJECT INDEX

Polarization, 235 Polder, polders, 5, 20, 21, 27, 99, 105, 111, 123, 135, 143,148, 164, 169, 172, 176, 194,227,230,248,263 ,275 Policing of regulations, 258 Policy-makers, policy-making, 5, 36, 48, 139,153,161,177,199 ,231 Politicians, 24, 42, 44, 46, 49, 60, 65, 72, 74, 97,104,105,119,120, 137,143,161,178, 185,187,190,192,209 ,213,243,258 Politics, 7, 13, 14, 15, 36, 38, 39, 51, 70, 71, 72, 73,143,203,208,222, 237,250,265, 267,268,269,270,271 ,273 Polluter, pollution, 32, 183, 202, 215, 216, 220,226 Polycentric quality of Randstad, 151 Population, 26, 40, 45, 53, 59, 60, 63, 64, 68,69, 79,85,86,88,94,97,9 8, 100, 122, 123, 133, 141, 169, 173, 174, 176, 185,186,196,200,201 ,212,220 Population distribution, 64, 78, 105, 109, 116 Population growth, 31, 48, 79, 81, 95, 97, 98, 116, 132, 141, 145, 167 Port, ports, 7, 13, 40, 42, 53, 59, 79, 93, 97, 187,193,208,216,218 ,224,226,248 Positivism, xiii, xv, 49, 76, 116, 117, 180 Postmodernist, xvii, 2 Potassium, 215 Poverty, 222, 272 Power-free consultation, 36 Powers, 1, 29, 33, 35, 36, 45, 51, 53, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77,88,89,90,95,96, 110, 123, 124,128, 129, 137, 138, 143, 152, 155, 157, 159, 161, 164, 177, 191, 192,193,200,228,230 ,243,256,257,258 Pragmatic positivism, 116, 117 Pragmatism, pragmatists, 150, 181 Preservation of historic cities, 123 Preservation and improvement of rural areas, 212 Preservation of open space, 222 President of the Government Agency for

299

the National Plan, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 92, 93,95,125 Prime Minister, 36, 73, 76, 81, 96, 97, 100, 141,143,150,154,177 ,191,208,212, 213,216,217,259 Principia media, 48, 237 Principle of spatial organization, 18, 19, 20,21,22,23,41,42,5 8,66,80, 101, 105, 106, 112, 123, 138, 151, 152, 164, 187,188,192,195,205 ,207,223,244, 249,253,256,260,273 Privatization, 176, 249 Problem-oriented approach, 120 Procedural planning theory, xiv, xvii, 85, 119, 180 Profession, xiii, xvi, xvii, 39, 46, 50, 57, 86, 104,115,179,248,249 ,260,266 Professionalism, xiv, xvii, 218 Professionalization, xvi, xvii, 13, 14, 24, 46, 50,81,83,115,178,23 2,249 Project, 3 Project management, 4, 249 Project plans, project planning, 3, 11, 244 Prosperity, 53, 133, 226, 270 Protestant, Protestants, 38, 139 Provincial Executive, Provincial Executive Council, 37, 77,111,128, 129, 153, 155, 157, 158, 159, 160, 169, 171,243 Provincial Legislature, 37, 117, 129, 152, 154,155,159,161,167 ,171,243 Provincial planning, xi v, xv Provincial planning councils, 130 Provincial structure plan, 13, 34, 55, 62, 66, 68, 74, 75, 77,94,95,99, 100,121,127, 128, 129, 130, 152, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159,160,161,162,167 ,168,222,223, 225,230,243 Provincial structure planning, 34, 61, 63, 64,65, 73, 74,153,161,162,242, 271 Pseudo-scientific assumptions, 178 Public participation, 18, 85, 113, 116, 118, 141, 143, 151, 155,

300

Public-private partnership, 29, 189, 190, 202,223,224,249 Public works, 61 Publicity in planning, 102, 148, 212, 213, 234 Puzzle-solving, 22, 23 Quality of life, 223 Queen, 37, 77 Railroad, 1, 172 Railway lines, 58, 220, 228 Railways, 42, 64, 224 Randstad, x, xii, xviii, 5, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25,26,27,35,54,55,63,64, 72,79,80, 93,97,98,99, 100,101,103,104,105, 106,107,108,109,121,123,132,133, 137, 138, 140, 141, 144, 151, 164,165, 166,168,169,193,196,205,208,209, 210,211,212,213,214,216,217,218, 220,221,223,224,225,226,227,228, 229,230,231,244,245,265,266,267, 269,272,282,286,288 Randstad-Green Heart, 102, 105, 133, 137, 273 Randstad Metropolitan Interchange, 245 Rank-size rule, 116 Rational decision-making, rational planning, 12, 18, 25, 120, 155 Rational-central-rule, 269 Rational-comprehensive, 158, 233, 234 Rationale for planning, 17, 34, 78, 87, 101, 102,105,182,183,229,248,250,253 Rationalistic, 161 Rationality, rationalities, 12, 23, 182, 265, 269 Rationalizations, 241 Rationalizing, 71 Recession, 189, 190, 194, 195, 196 Rechtsstaat, 32, 37 Reclaimed land, 27, 34, 134, 164, 167, 172, 194 Reclamation, 19, 26, 29, 99, 105, 148, 256 RECLUS,288

SUBJECT INDEX

Reconstruction, xiv, xv, xvii, 17, 46, 50, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76,80,81,82,88,89, 90,91,94,96, 102,118,133,150,178, 189,203,241,271 Recreation, 27, 34, 52, 54, 59, 64, 78, 92, 93, 94,98, 106,107,112,133,151,156,193, 200,207,212,220,222,225,226,254 Redevelopment, 167, 187, 189,192 Refugee,refugees,46, 76 Regeneration, 212 Region, 48, 53, 89, 116, 119, 133, 135, 155, 156,159,162,163,165, 167, 168, 170, 171,194,229,230,272 Regional gap, 34, 52 Regional planning, xvii, 17, 46, 52, 53, 54, 55,59,61,65,66, 117,193,223,266, 267,268,269,271 Regions,34,48,49,52,60, 107,133,135, 142,156,193,206,207,209,212,220, 221,222,225,228,229,230,234,255, 256,257,261 Regulations, 38, 43, 61, 73, 78, 79, 128, 228,233,258,259 Regulative planning, 73 Regulatory measures, regulatory powers, 1,45,49,62,63,66, 74,92,96, 100,110, 257,258 Rehabilitation, 151, 186 Reich Commissariate, 69 Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft ftir Raumforschung, 65 Reichsstelle ftir Raumordnung, 65 Relocation, 104, 257 Renewal, 30, 31, 32, 91, 110, 113, 118,124, 132,139,146,167,176,185,186,187,193 Rents, 30, 31, 45, 229 Rent control, 30, 31, 91 Research in relationship to planning and design,48,49,54,59,65, 71, 72, 76, 77, 84,85,86,92,95,97,98, 104,115,116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 178, 179, 191, 235,251 Restrictive policies, 98, 123, 169, 170, 171, 225,229,254

SUBJECT INDEX

Rezoning, 243 Ribbon development, 8, 51, 52 Risk analysis, 194 Risks,4,30, 175,189,214,227,228 Robustness, 251 ROM, ROM-areas, 218, 219,222,223,225,226 ,256,287 Royal family, 70 Rule-and-order, 64, 252 Rural areas, 78,95, 141,144,145,188,212 , 218,220,222,223,265 Rural Areas Report, 141, 145, 194,204, 212,222 Rural communities, 137 Rural development, 124 Rural environment, 209 Rural settlements, 165 Satellite towns, 53, 54, 58, 106, 165 Scenarios,24, 142,178,204,205,207 ,261 Scientific Council of Government Policy (WRR), 10, 35, 145, 150,177,180,198, 199,265,272 Scientific research programme, 23, 270 Scientific revolution, 14, 16, 184, 270 Sea-level, 270 Seaports, 151 Second Report, 86, 116, 121, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 145,148,165,166,168 ,172,177,200, 214,218 Sector planning, sector plans, 37, 77, 149, 150, 158 Segregation, 32 Self-government, 33, 35 Semi-public bodies, 94 Semi-rural areas, 225 Senate, 223 Settlement hierarchy, 19, 100, 135 Shopping centres, shopping development, 186, 189 Shopping hierarchy, 5 Side-effects, 180 SISWO, 265

301

Sluices, 26 Social and Cultural Planning Bureau (SCPB), 150, 284 Social-Cultural Report, 39 Social-Democratic, Social-Democrats, 38, 46, 72,76,96,97,190 Social engineering, 47, 49, 72, 117, 118 Social science, 46, 48, 86, 115, 117, 119, 120,121,122,231 Social hygiene, 42 Socialization, socializing, 16, 152, 175 Socio-cultural facilities, 221 Sociocracy, sociocratic, xiv, xviii, 10, 11, 13,181,236,239,241, 253,258,260 Sociographers, xiii, 84 Sociologists, Sociology, 85, 120, 266, 268, 270,272 Socio-Technical Association of Democratic Engineers and Architects, 49,50,97 Southern Wing, 209, 211 Special-purpose agency, 45, 156, 256 Spillover, xvii, 45, 51, 52, 65 Sprawl, 132 SRPO, 285 SS,69 Stakeholders, 207 State Forestry Commission, 167 State Secretary, 189, 199, 214 States General, 200, 272 Statutory planning, 49, 72, 158, 159, 162, 223 Strategic planning, ix, x, xi, xiii, xvi, xvii, xviii, 1,2,3,4,5,6, 12,14, 18,25,26,35, 45,50,51,60,67, 72,80,84,87,99, 100, 101, 115, 122, 125, 130, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 152, 154, 161, 163, 192, 194, 227,232,233,237,244 ,246,247,248, 250,251,252,253,256 ,257,258,259, 260,262,263,265,266 ,267,268,269, 270,271,273 Strategic projects, 3, 4, 5, 12, 45, 148, 176, 228,248,263

SUBJECT INDEX

302

Street-level bureaucrats, 5, 270 Structuralism, 239 Structuration, 181, 239, 240, 268 Structure planning in Britain, 150, 161 Structure scheme, 16, 144, 146, 148, 149, 150,151,192,19 5,199,200,203,2 09, 216,219,223,22 6,227,234 Structure sketch, 131, 136, 139, 143, 148, 150,152,194,19 5,196,197,200,2 02, 203,209,211,21 2,213,214,215,2 17, 218,225 Structure Sketch for Rural and Urban i\reas,213,214, 217,218,220 Structure Sketch for Urbanization, 143, 148, 194, Structure Sketch for the Urban i\reas, xviii, 192, 195, 196, 200, 202, 203, 209, 212 Study Circle of Planning Researchers (SPO), 83, 115, 179 Sub-national entities, 254, 256, 262 Sub-national planning, 256, 257 Sub-regional studies, 161 Subject plans, 97 Subsidence, 28 Subsidy, 30, 31, 40, 91, 145, 171, 193,215, 223,225,226,22 8,229,249 Subsidized housing, 31, 32, 91, 137, 144, 174,189,190,19 6,229 Substantive ideas, issues, policies, xviii, 51, 56,59,65,95, 125,154,234 Substantive planning theory, 180 Substantivists, 180 Suburb, suburban, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 112,113,133,17 3,192,257 Suburban development, 109, 171 Suburban growth, 34, 51, 66, 105, 134, 138, 167,168,170,18 5,186,254 Suburban sprawl, 105, 123, 132, 137, 138, 173,174,185,23 1,255 Suburbanites, 137 Supra-local, 34 Supra-rational, 17,22

10, 13,42,48,49,50 ,54,56,57,59, 61,64,65,67,68, 72, 75, 76, 78, 79,84, 85,86,92,97,98, 104,115,118,15 5,156, 178,264 Survey-before-plan, 18, 42, 48, 49, 54, 84, 99,136,233,251 Sustainability, 218, 258 Sustainable development, 2, 216,217,248, 255,272,273 Symbol, 14, 193 Symbolic, 29 Synthesis, 19, 21, 31, 47, 72, 76, 97, 137, 148 System of positions and practices, 14, 15 Systematic, 1, 13, 22, 25, 40, 42, 43, 44, 51, 53,54,66, 115,117,120,14 1,142,155, 161,162,181,20 7,228,234 Systematic development, 42, 53 Systematic planning, systematic policymaking, 1, 22, 25,115,117,120 ,141, 142,146,155,16 1,162,181,207,2 34 Systematic town extension, 13, 40, 43, 44, 46,51,53,66 Systematic urbanization, 51, 54, 228 Systems approach, 115, 147, 158 Systems cybernetic, 233, 234 Systems planning, 155, 237 Systems thinking, 154 Surve~

Tactical planning, 2 Tactics, 7 Taxation, Taxes, 32, 35, 41, 52 Technician, 117, 118 Technocracy, xiv, xvii, 11 Technocrat, 71,72,82 Technocratic, 10, 11, 13, 59, 89, 97, 199, 233,234,253,26 0 Technological, 21, 33, 204, 205, 270 Technology, x, xi, xiii, xv, 4, 7, 18, 19, 22, 49,64, 75,115,266,270 ,274,280,281, 282,285 Telecommunicat ions, 211 Theories-in-use, 241

SUBJECT INDEX

Think-tank, 35 Third National Physical Planning Report, 113,115,121,139,140,141,143,145, 147,148,149,151,152,194,195,199, 200,212,237 Third Water Management Report, 222 Three-dimensional form, 47, 118, 182 Three-tier system of planning, 60, 63, Three-tier system of government, 75 Toll-roads, 212 Top-down, 65, 160, 198 Top location, 209, 210 Tourism, 212 Town, 2, 13, 17, 30, 40, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 51,52,53,57,63,66,83, 106,123,165, 168,179,204,232,236,252,266,267, 268,273 Towns, 7, 23, 26, 45, 49, 53, 54, 57, 58, 63, 70, 79,89,99,105, 106,109,132,133, 164,165,166,171,189,196,197,205, 218 Town and Country Planning Association, 2,83,273 Town (and country) planning, 17, 30, 46, 47,48,232,268 Town Planning Institute, 48, 63 Tram, 45, 190 Transactive planning, 240, 268 Transport,21,34,42,45,46,48,52,54,60, 64, 75, 78,92,98, 107,112,123,141, 142,146,151,188,189,190,193,200, 204,208,214,215,216,218,220,221, 227,247,248,249,257,261,272 Transport policy, 213, 252, 259 Tsar, 7 Tulips, 32 Thnnel, 189, 202, 249 Thrbulence, 209 Turbulent, 24 TVA, 15, 16,272 Two-dimensional design, 178 Undergraduate model of planning education, 183

303

Unemployed, unemployment, xviii, 39, 45, 79,90,93, 104,172,176,186,204 Unions, 31, 39 Unitary approach, 11, 117,236,237,254 Unitary state, 33, 36,273 University of Amsterdam, x, xi, 84, 86, 115,120,265,267,271,274,275,276, 274,275,276,279,280,281,282,283, 285,286,288 University of Minnesota, 117 University of Utrecht, x, xi University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, x Unplanned planning, 243 Unsanitary conditions, 47 Unsubsidized housing, 91, 189, 229 Updating, 232 Urban and regional planning, 232 Urban centres, 26 Urban design, urban designers, xiii, xiv, xviii,43. 118.161,178,179,182,204,235 Urban development, 8, 9, 45, 48, 66, 78, 81,93,99, 101,104,113,116,117,135, 141,176,196,211,220,222,251,253, 254,267 Urban form, 48,223,224,237,273 Urban growth, 49, 52, 80, 104, 132, 133, 142,144,163,168,225,267 Urban land, 29 Urban networks, 224, 265, 266, 267 Urban nodes, 34, 204, 207,211, 212, 214, 218 Urban planning, 265,269,270,271 Urban politics, urban policy, 13, 14, 186 Urban problems, 51 Urban regions, 49, 133, 206, 272 Urban renewal, 31, 32, 91, 110, 113, 118, 124, 132,139, 146, 167, 176, 185, 186, 187, 193 Urban regeneration, urban restructuring, 209,212 Urban settlements, 107, 142 Urban sprawl, 5, 132, 137, 175 Urban system, 89 Urban underclass, 186

304

Urbanistics, 120 Urbanization, 26, 51, 52, 54,55, 141, 143, 146,148,163,194,195,211,228,268, 72,273 Urbanization Report, 15, 120, 140, 141, 142,143,144,145,146,147,148,162, 163,164,170,172,174,175,195,204, 211,213 Use-value, 235 Utilitarian, 13 Utopia, Utopian, 72, 118, 119, 177,236,237 Validity, 24, 226, 252 Values, xvii, 12, 13, 19, 23, 33, 41, 178,228, 250,252,265,268,270 Vandalized, 32 Van Eesteren-Fluck-Van Lohuizen Foundation, x, 179, 281 Vegetation, 266 Vehicle, vehicles, 17, 22, 55, 122, 123, 128, 144,152,159,160,164,223,251,258 Voluntarism, 239 War damage, 81, 82, 87,88 Wartime, 50, 71, 74,76, 77,96 Wartime controls, wartime regulations, 30, 73, 78 Wartime developments, 50,

SUBJECf INDEX

Wartime experiences, 80 Wartime planning, 68, 78 Water boards, 29, 32 Water consumption, 144 Water management, 28, 29, 34, 42, 55,226 Water recreation, 27, 254 Water supply, 151 Water table, 29, 215 Waterlront,42, 189,190,193,249,272 Wealth, 35, 39 Welfare services, welfare state, xviii, 5, 31, 33,35,39,40,45,64,90,94, 113,133, 176,177,195,202,228,248,267 Weltanschauung, 16 WERON, 141, 197 Western Wing, 23, 209, 210, 211, 216, 254 Whig-history, xv Wildlife, 227 Win-win situation, 222 Windmills, 26 Working class, 41 Working Commission for the Western Netherlands, xvii, 58, 85, 86, 87, 102, 103,104, 105,106,107,108, 109, 110, 122, 123,132, 165 World-economy, 272 Zoning,41,47,52,64~67,

145,153,189,243

INDEX OF NAMES Abercrombie, 17,54 Agt, van, 143 Ahsmann, 280 Albrechts, 80, 265 Alders, 217,218,257 Alexander, 5, 10, 12, 14,21, 22, 23, 24, 260, 265,268 Andeweg, 36, 81,265 Angenot, 48, 86 Argyris, 235, 236, 239, 241, 265 Ashworth, 51, 181, 252, 261, 265 Atzema, 5, 265, 267

Blom,275,277,279 Blondel, 265 Boelens, 285 Boerman, 84 Boeyen, 61 Boon, van der, 275 Boor, van den, 279 Borger, 26, 266 Borgman, 283 Bos, 189,274,282,283 Bosma, 48, 53, 266, 277, 278 Bours, 85, 279 Brakenhoff, 280 Branch, 72,89,90,123

Baakman, 276 Baas, 287 Bagley, 38, 113, 265 Bakker Schut, F. 46, 50, 53, 64, 65, 69, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79,81,88,91,92,93,94,95, 96,97,98,99, 100,101,102,103,104, 105,106,109,123,124,145,150, 274, 276,277,278 Bargeman, 286 Barlow, 92, 97, 101, 109 Barrell, 272 Barrett, 12, 265 Baumeister, 46 Becht, 277 Beckman, 286 Berg, G.-1. van den, xiv, 118, 124 Berg, M., xi Bergh, van den, 124, 125 Berlage, 43, 47, 48, 54 Beus, 39, 265 Bijker, 270 Bischoff, 254, 265 Blanken, 5, 266

Brehen~2,266,273

Brinckmann, 46 Bruheze,dela,x~266

Bruil, 125,266 Brundtland, 213 Brunet, 288 Brunt, 195, 197 Brussaard, 125,263,266 Brussels, 228,261,281, 282, 283 Brocking, 287 Bryson, 2, 266 Buijs, 253, 266 Buit, 274 Burke,5, 105,253,263,266 Burrage, xvi, 266 Buskens, 99, 128 Cammen, van der, 119, 181, 182, 254, 266, 276,278,281,284,285 Canisius, 283 Casseres, de, xiii, 48, 63, 274, 277 Cate, ten, 287, 288 305

306

Cerda, 178 Chadwick, 115,266 Chapin, 117, 266 Chicago,266,267,269 ,270,273 Christaller, 19, 109, 135 Churchill, 6, 7, 21, 81, 266 Clark, 32, 267 Clausewitz, 22 Cleyndert, 54, 78, 277 Cohen, 6, 22, 266 Colenbrander, 278 Collins, xvi, 47, 266 Constandse, 135, 266 Coolsma, 283 Cornelissen, 287 Cortie, 5, 267 Cosquino deBussy, 107, 112 Costa,5,263,267,268 ,269,273 Cramer, 279 Craseman-Collins, 47, 266 Damme, 282, 288 Dansik, 284 Darin-Drabkin, 29, 30, 267 Davidoff, 117 Davies, 10, 38, 267 Deetman, 177 DeGrove, 2, 261, 267 Dekker, 131,156,267,271,279 ,280,281, 282,284,285,288 Deurloo, 32, 267 Diamond, 2, 267 Dieleman, x, xi, 32, 106, 267 Dietrich, 278 Dijst, 5, 267 Dobben, 274 Doe!, van den, 39, 265 Doevendans,284,285 Donald, 117 Doorn, van, 279 Dorfman, 270 Drenthe, 154, 219 Driessen, 282, 287 Dror, 15, 104, 105, 117, 267

INDEX OF NAMES

Dunham, 137, 138, 152, 267 Dunnen, den, 218, 288 Dutt, 5, 263, 267, 268, 269, 273 Eco,8,267 Edwards, 284, 285 Einsweiler, 2, 266 Ekkers, 279, 281, 282, 285, 288 Embden,van, 118,119,179,235,281 Esping-Andersen, 39, 267 Etzioni, 13, 239, 251, 267 Faludi, x, xi, 10, 12, 14, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 49,50,51, 120,125,173,174,180 ,183, 254,255,259,265,266 ,267,268,269, 271,272,273,274,275 ,278,282,283 Fehl, 276 Feijter, de, 280 Fischer, 268 Fishman, 164, 268 Fit, 1, 243 Fockema Andrae, 276 Foley, 11, 15, 16, 17, 22, 23,101,117,119, 236,237,240,268 Frederiks,61,62,65,6 6,67,68, 70, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77,91,96,128,280 Friedmann, 15, 39, 117, 120, 240, 268 Friend, ix, 82, 105, 119, 120,242,268 Froger, 75, 86 Fudge, 12,265 Galle, 5, 268, 286 Galloway, 14, 268 Ganzevles, 279, 281,282, 283, 285, 288 Gastelaars, 279 Gastkemper, 125, 266, 282 Geddes, 42, 48 Geers, 274 Geest, 287 Genette, 21, 268 Genugten, 281, 283 George, 273 Giddens, 181,239,240,241,268 ,285 Giedion, 59, 269

307

INDEX OF NAMES

Gladdish, 38, 269 Glasbergen, 282, 286, 287 Glass, 117 Golany, 263, 269 Gorcum, van, 80 Goudappel, 282 Goudsblom, 8, 244, 269 Goverde, 267 Graaf, de, 284, 285 Grandpre Moliere, 47, 50,276 Griffiths, 46, 82, 149, 265, 269, 270, 271 Gruijters, 139 Gunsteren,van,37, 158,198,263,269 Haan, de, 276 Habermas, 182,285 Hajer, 14, 15, 186, 269 Hall,5,45, 105,151,212,239,263,269 Hamnett, 101, 123, 131, 133,136, 152, 269, 272 Hart, 't, xvi, 46, 260, 269, 282, 287, 288 Haussmann, 41 Healey, 2, 267, 269 Heeling, 284 Heere, 86 Heide, ter, 145, 183, 223, 269 Heiden, van der, ix, 51, 66, 68, 111, 187, 269,281,283,284 Heijden, van der, 284 Hendriks, 287 Herweijer, 145, 146, 199 Hessels, 164, 269 Heuvelhoff, ten, 287 Hickling, 105, 242, 268 Hilhorst, 267 Hrrschfeld,69, 70,270,277,278 Hitler, 69 Hoed,den,278,279,280,284,286 Hopkins, 272 Hoppe, 285 Houten, van, 284 Howard, 57 Hudig,46,47,52,53,60 Hughes, 270

Hupe, 12, 270 Innes,x~261,270

Irwin, 176, 270 J arausch, xvi, 266 Jelgersma, 26, 270 Jessop, 119,120,268 Jeurgens,275 Jong,de,285,288 Jongman,254,265 Jonker, 278 Kaa, van de, x Kaiser, 7 Kalff, 42, 43 Katzenstein, 39, 270 Kempen, van, 32, 273 Kennedy, 22, 24, 266, 270 Kersten, 278 Kesteren, van, 274, 276, 277 Keynes, 46 Kievit, de, 274 Klein, 45, 81, 82, 113, 270 Kloos,48,76,79,276,277,286 Knaap, van der, 5, 104, 113, 283 Knack,48 Koenders,28,29,30,263,271 Kok,269 Koolhaas, 189 Korea, 81 Kortenoever, 284 Korthals Altes, ix, 16, 207,216, 244, 270, 286,287 Krabben, 285 Kreukels, xi, 119, 246, 270, 281 Kroese-Duijsters, 218, 287 Kruijt, 5, 28, 29, 30, 31, 263, 265, 267, 271 Kuhn, 14,23,244,270 Kuijsten, 282 Kuipers, 286 Lademacher, 7, 274,278 Laffan, 176, 270 Lakatos, 14,23,270

INDEX OF NAMES

308

Lambert, 26, 270 Lambooy, 85, 279 Laudan,244,270 Launspach, 119,120,281 Leeffers, 282 Leemans, 274 Leeuw, van der, 72 Leeuzen, van, ix Lenckert, 113, 271 Levelink,283 Levine, 173, 186, 270 Lijphart, 38, 270 Lincoln, 267 Lindblad, 278, 279 Linden, van der, 281 Lingbeek, 287 Lipsky, 5, 270 Lohuizen, van, x, 47, 48, 49, SO, 54, 55, 59, 79,82,84,85,86, 104,116,117,118, 179,265,276,279,281 Lobel, 274 Lubbers,36, 113,208,216,271,276 Lutz, 5, 267 Mahayni, 14,268 Maij-VVeggen,216,257 Mannheim, 1, 39, 46, 48, 76,117, 118,237, 271 Markowski, 267 Marshall, 81 Marwijk, van, 285 Marx, 120,180,239 Masser, 271 Mastop, 10, 14,99, 152,153,154,155,156, 158,159,162,180,233,234,271,275, 283,284,285,286,287 McDougall, 267 McKay, 264, 271 McLoughlin, 115, 271 Meijer, 253, 266 Melvin, 117 Mentzel, 280 Meuse, 156 Micheels, 278

Michiels, 288 Miness, 261, 267 Minett, 272 Montijn, 193 Muller, 279, 281, 282,285, 288 Musgrave, 270 Musterd, 106, 267 Muller- Rommel, 265 Napoleon, 33 Nassuth, 86, 116, 280 Needham, xiii, 1, 5, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 131, 163,164,180,263,271,282,285,288 Neutze, 28, 29, 272 Nicholson, 269 Niftrik, van, 41, 42, 43,54 Nijpels, 208,214,216,217 Niklaas, 8 Nispen, van, 284 O'Loughlin, 39, 272 Olink, 279 Olmsted, 54 Oskam, 187, 272 Ostendorf, 5, 267 Ottens, 282 Paassen, 279 Pareto, 116 Peel, 219 Perqin, xi Philips, 52, 89, 156 Pijnenburg, 274, 287 Plesman, 54, 63, 72, 103 Poelje,van,S3,276,277 Poppe~ 117,243,272 Postuma, ix, 14, 73, 75, 78, 95, 99, 104, 234, 269,271,272,275,276,277,278,280 Pressman, 5, 272 Priemus, x, xi, 200, 214,272, 287 Pronk,279,281,282 Ptaszynska-VVoloczkowicz, 267 Puylaert, 285, 286

INDEX OF NAMES

()uene, 139, 145, 151, 177, 198 ()uerido, 28, 272 ()uist, 288 Raadschelders, 287 Raggers, 285 Ranitz, 284 Rein, 15, 236, 272 Reiner, 117 Rhine, 32, 156 Ribbius Peletier, 111 Ringeling, 284 Ringers, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 79,81,88,90, 91,92 Roegholt, 276 Roelse, 171 Rohde, 282 Roloff, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 Rooij, 286 Rosenthal, 278 Rothuizen, 282, 287 Rossler, 278 Ruijter, de, ix, 49, 50, 52, 268, 274, 275, 276,278,282,283 Rutte, 284 Sabie, 287 Salet, 177, 279 Samson, 288 Sarphati, 29 Schaar, van der, 275, 287 Scheffer, 59, 64, 65, 277 Schenk, xi Schermerhorn, 81, 96 Schlieffen, 7 Scholten, 39, 81, 272 Schon, 15,235,236,239,241, 265,272 Schuiling, 189, 272 Schuurman,278,279 Scotland,267 Scott, 97, 101, 109 Selznik, 15, 16, 17,23,272 Seyss-Inquart, 69, 73 Sharpe, 273

309

Shetter, 5, 272 Siegrist, 266 Simonis, 282 Singelenberg, 278, 279 Siraa, 88, 278, 279, 282 Sitte,46,47,48,266,2 76,277 Sluijs, van der, 279 Smit-Kroes, 216 Staalduine, van, xi, 285 Steigenga, ix, xiii, xiv, 85, 86, 109, 115, 116, 117,118,119,120,137 ,179,183,235, 237,239,274,279,280 ,281,282,288 Steinmetz, 84 Stiibben, 46 Swaan, de, 274 Sweden, 28, 176 Switzerland, 39 Taverne, 277 Taylor, 48 Teitler, 274 Terhorst, 52, 56, 272 Thijsse, 106, 107, 108, 123, 132 Thomas,38,90, 117,125,128,234,263 , 267,272 Thorbecke, 33, 36 Thornton, 266 Thrift, 252, 272 Tilburg, 86 Tinbergen, 72, 82, 96 Tjallingii, 288 Toom, 282 Toonen,33,34,35,36 ,256,273,287,288 Torstendahl, 266 Trappenburg, 288 Truman, 7 Unwin, 53, 273 Uthwatt, 97, 101, 109 Uum, van, 287,288 Uyl, den, 139, 141, 143 Valckenier Kips, 46, 49 Valk, van der, x, xi, 14, 134, 173, 174,254,

INDEX OF NAMES

310

255,268,272,27 3,274,275,276,2 77, 279,280,282,28 7 Veen, ter, 84, 275 Veld, in 't, 90, 91, 102, 280 Velden,ten,253 ,266,283,288 Yen, van der, 52, 56, 272 Verdaas, 282, 288 Verduijn, 283, 286 Verhoeven, 266 Vernooy, 283 Vink, 68, 88, 102, 103, 109, 110, 112, 124, 128,130,139,14 5,146,151,282 Visscher, 263, 273 Visser, xi Vonhoff, 176, 198 Voogd, 181,265,270 Voort, van der, 284 Vos,82 Vries, de, 26, 273, 274, 275 Vuuren, 84 Waalewijn, 277, 280 Wagenaa~277,278,279,280

Wageningen, 86 Wal, van der, 5, 267, 273 Wallagh, ix, 14, 111, 269, 272, 280, 284 Weaver, 15, 268 Webber, 117,268 Weebe~ 178,251,284 Weertman, 288

Weesep,van,5,3 2, 173,186,265,26 7,270, 273 Wentholt, 92 Wesselink, 287 Westerheijden, 274 Wildavsky, 5, 272 William III, 36 Williams, 264, 273 Wingerden, van, 288 Winkelman, 70, 89 Winsemius, 200, 202, 203, 207, 208, 209, 286 Wissing, 284 Wissink, 85, 120,279,281,28 2,284,285, 287,288 Wit, de, 165, 171, 284 Witsen, xi, 76, 78, 92, 99, 102, 130, 131, 139,145,173,19 5,199,200,202,2 17, 218,273 Witte, 124 Witteveen, 288 Wolff,de,37, 77,113,114,149 ,150,281 Wortelboer, 283 Woud, van der, 275 Wright, 273 Yewlett, 119, 268 Zonneveld,261, 273,275,282,28 5,286,288

INDEX OF PLACES Alkmaar, 102, 166, 171 Almere, 123, 134, 164, 167, 169, 192, 194, 266 America, 268 Amersfoort, 168 Amsterdam, ix, x, xi, xiii, xiv, xv, 10, 13, 26, 29,30,34,40,41,42,4 3,44,45,47,48, 52,53,54,56,57,58,5 9,63,64, 78, 79, 84,85,86,88,98, 101,103,104,110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 142, 148, 156, 160, 163, 164, 165, 167, 168, 171, 172, 173, 174, 178, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195,209,210,211,212 ,216,227,229, 230,249,265,266,269 ,272,273,274, 275,276,277,278,279 ,280,281,282, 283,284,285,286,288 Amsterdam-Noordze ekanaalgebied, 192, 283 Amsterdam-North, 111 Antwerp, 40, 148, 214 Apeldoorn, 123 Arnhem, 34, 88 Arnhem-Nijmegen, 193 Australia, 243

Canada, 268 Chicago,266,267,269 ,270,273 Copenhagen,21, 111,251 Delft, xi, xiv, 46, 47, 49, 50, 63, 75, 76, 86, 97, 104, 115, 117, 118, 120, 178, 184, 270,276,280,281,284 ,285,287,288 Den Bosch, 156 Deventer, 123, 277, 283, 287 Dommel-Valley, 156, 157, 158,243 Dordrecht,63, 102,266,267 Drenthe, 154, 219 East-Utrecht, 169 Eindhoven,34,52,89 , 115,120,156,193, 282,285 England, 271 Enkhuizen, 166 Enschede,34,266,274 Enschede-Hengelo, 193 Europe,33,40, 70,106,112,162,176, 216, 222,224,230,246,261 ,265,267,270, 271,272,273 Florida, 270 France,37,39 Frankfurt, 261 Friesland, 154, 219

Barcelona, 178, 261 Basingstoke, 265, 271 Belgium, 8, 39, 80, 156, 270 Berlin, 54, 278 Bijlmermeer, 111, 112, 165, 187, 280 Birkenhead, 41 Breda, 214 Bremen, 283 Britain, 39, 46, 48, 52, 76, 80, 81, 83, 87, 101,119,134,202,269 Brussels, 228, 261, 281, 282, 283

Gelderland, 61, 154, 155, 156, 158, 219, 226 German~ 7,30,37,46,48,52,65 , 73,81 Gorinchem, 274 Groningen, 123,154,187,275,279 Haarlem, 63, 277 Haarlemmermeer, 19, 20, 21, 23, 27, 29, 40,164,172,173,192, 193,275 311

312

INDEX OF PLACES

Haarlemmermeerpolder, 256 Hague, The, ix, 30, 34, 40, 48, 52, 63, 72, 99, 103, 104, 123, 142, 164, 192, 193, 209,210,211,212,255,256,263,265, 266,267,268,269,270,271,272,273, 275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282, 283,284,285,286,287,288 Hamburg,40,270,278 Heemstede, 276 Heerlen, 123 Hengelo, 34 Hoek of Holland, 30 Hoorn, 166 Houten, 168 Hungary, 39 IJ-Lakes, 219 IJssel,4,27, 99,148,194,248 IJsselmeerpolders, 19,273 India, 19 Japan,260 Kampen, 275, 284 Korea, 81 Leiden,63,234,269,275,280,282,287 Lelystad, 123,134,143,164,172,266 Limburg, 45, 52, 133, 154 London, 16, 17, 19,21,40,54,80,81,88, 98,101,106,109,164,236,237,261, 265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272, 273 ~aastricht,x,232,248,252 ~arkerwaard,

~editerranean,

261

266 219 ~iddelburg, 71, 89,277, 278 ~ilan, 261, 267 ~elbourne,

Overijssel, 154 Oxford, 7,234,265,267,268,269,270,271, 273 Paris, 64, 106, 228, 267, 288 Philadelphia, 268 Portugal, 19,270 Purmerend, 165, 166, 167, 168, 171, 172, 175,189, 193

148, 172,176

~ecca,44

~ergelland,

Netherlands, the, ix, x, xii, xiii, xiv, xvi, xvii, xviii, 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 23, 26, 27, 29,30,32,33,35,36,37,38,39,40,45, 46,47,59,64,66,68,69, 70, 76,80,81, 82,83,88,89,91,97,98, 100,101,103, 111,115,122,131,139,141,145,158, 163, 164, 168, 172, 176, 179, 184, 18~ 190,194,202,204,208,209,212,215, 217,225,227,229,247,249,252,254, 259,260,261,263,264,265,266,267, 268,269,270,271,272,273 Netherlands East Indies, 81, 106 New York, 53,265,266,267,268,269,270 Nijmegen, xi, 5, 34, 85, 115, 119, 120, 121, 130,180,182,183,271,274,279,281, 282,283,285,288 Nijpels, 208, 214, 216, 217 North-Brabant, 99, 128, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158,160,219 North-Holland, 51, 59, 61, 85, 117, 118, 154, 159,160,165,166,171,172,192,230 North-Sea, 106, 189, 192 North-Sea-Canal, 45, 59, 103, 104, 118, 172, 173 Nuremberg, 69

Randstad, x, xii, xviii, 5, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25,26,27,35,54,55,63,64, 72, 79,80, 93,97,98,99, 100,101,103,104,105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 121, 123, 132, 133, 137, 138, 140, 141, 144, 151, 164, 165, 166,168,169,193,196,205,208,209,

INDEX OF PLACES

210,211,212,213,214 ,216,217,218, 220,221,223,224,225 ,226,227,228, 229,230,231,244,245 ,251,252,253, 254,257,263,265,266 ,267,269,272, 282,286,288 Rhine, 32, 156 Rijnmond, 133,219 Ringstrasse, 41 Rome, 139,144, 176 Rotterdam, 30, 34, 35, 40, 48, 63, 69, 71, 72,84,85,86,88,89,9 6,99, 103,104, 106,129,133,142,187 ,193,202,208, 209,210,211,212,216 ,218,222,223, 224,226,228,230,248 ,255,256,272, 274,277,278,279,286 Saxony, 172 Scandinavia, 39, 172 Schiedam, 63 Schiphol,21,30, 164,172,173,189,190 , 193,202,216,219,224 ,226,248,256 Scotland, 267 Seveso,227 South-Holland, 61, 93, 103, 104, 109, 154, 210,214,230,255,257 Soviet Union, 45, 70, 71 Spain, 19 Surinam, 112 Sweden, 28, 176 Switzerland, 39 Tennessee, 15 Tilburg, 86 Twente,52,266,274 UK, 161

313

United States, xv, 2, 21, 39, 65, 243, 261, 266,269,271 Utrecht, x, xi, 34, 63, 84, 86, 93, 102, 103, 104,109,117,142,225 ,227,228,243, 269,274,276,279,281 ,282,285,286 Utrecht-Oost, 168 Vechtstreek, 283 Veenendaal, 170 Venice, 261 Venlo, 228 Vienna, 41, 276 Wadden, 151 Wageningen, 86 Wassenaar, x, 63, 276 Waterland, 212 West Europa, 113,261,284 Western Netherlands, x, xvi, xvii, 5, 28, 30, 45,53,54,57,58,61,6 5, 79,80,85,86, 87,92,93,95,97,98,9 9, 101,102,103, 105, 107, 108, 109, 112, 122, 123, 132, 133, 138, 165, 266 Westzaan, 280 Wommels, 285 Yugoslavia, 260 Zaandam, 189 Zeeland, 9, 61 Zeeuw-Vlaanderen, 62 Zierikzee, 9 Zoetermeer, ix, 123, 164, 226, 255 Zonneveld,261,273,2 75,282,285,286,288 Zuiderzee, 4, 34, 45, 267 Zwolle, 123, 287, 288

The GeoJournal Library 1. B. Currey and G. Hugo (eds.): Famine as Geographical Phenomenon. 1984 ISBN 90-277-1762-1 2. S. H. U. Bowie, F.R.S. and I. Thornton (eds.): Environmental Geochemistry and Health. Report of the Royal Society's British National Committee for Problems of the Environment. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1879-2 3. L. A. Kosinski and K. M. Elahi (eds.): Population Redistribution and Development in South Asia. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1938-1 4. Y. Gradus (ed.): Desert Development. Man and Technology in Sparselands. 1985 ISBN 90-277-2043-6 5. F. J. Calzonetti and B. D. Solomon (eds.): Geographical Dimensions of Energy. 1985 ISBN 90-277-2061-4 6. J. Lundqvist, U. Lohm and M. Falkenmark (eds.): Strategies for River Basin Management. Environmental Integration of Land and Water in River Basin. 1985 ISBN 90-277-2111-4 7. A. Rogers and F. J. Willekens (eds.): Migration and Settlement. A Multiregional Comparative Study. 1986 ISBN 90-277-2119-X 8. R. Laulajainen: Spatial Strategies in Retailing. 1987

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